MeneneIndustrial daCmErashin juriyaSkaruwa daCOmmonBrashin amfaniModels

I. Masana'antu da adana kuzari

"Masana'antu da Kasuwanci na Kasuwanci" yana nufin tsarin ajiya na makamashi da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin masana'antu ko kasuwanci.

Daga hangen nesa-mai amfani, ana iya rarrabe kowane ajiya cikin ƙarfi, Grid-gefe, da adana makamashi mai amfani. Ana kuma san masu ajiyar makamashi da grid-gefe wanda aka fi sani da adana makamashi na Ere-Metter ko kuma babban ajiya, yayin da ake kiran adana ƙarfin ƙarfin mai amfani da mai amfani. Za'a iya ƙara raba adana mai amfani zuwa masana'antar makamashi da kasuwanci da adana gidan kuzari. Ainihin ƙarfin ƙarfin lantarki da kasuwanci ya faɗi ƙarƙashin adon makamashi mai amfani, yana kiwon gida ga masana'antu ko kasuwanci. Adana mai sarrafa kuzari da kasuwanci ta samo aikace-aikace a cikin saiti daban-daban, gami da wuraren shakatawa na masana'antu, cibiyoyin bayanai, cibiyoyin kasuwanci, cibiyoyin sadarwa, da kuma gine-ginen gidaje.

Daga yanayin fasaha, tsarin gine-gine na masana'antu da kasuwanci za a iya rarrabe shi cikin nau'ikan biyu: Tsarin DC--hade tsarin. Tsarin hada-hadar dc-compory amfani da kayan aikin ajiya na yau da kullun, wanda ya kunshi abubuwan haɗin kai iri ɗaya (galibi tsare-tsaren Powerarfin Baturer ("PCSTerctional Pertiventers), batir Tsarin Gudanarwa ("BMS"), cimma nasarar hadewar Powerarfin Kashe Tsararraki Tsarin ("Tsarin EMS"), da sauransu.

Babban ka'idojin aikin ya ƙunshi cajin takardun batir na kai tsaye tare da ikon DC Power ta hanyar masu kula da hoto. Bugu da ƙari, AC iko daga grid za a iya canzawa zuwa cikin ikon DC ta hanyar PCS don cajin baturin. Lokacin da akwai bukatar wutar lantarki daga kaya, baturin sakin yanayi, tare da lokacin tattara kuzari a ƙarshen baturin. A gefe guda, tsarin complatea tsarin sun ƙunshi kayan aikin da yawa, gami da kayan aikin hoto, PCS ɗin Work, BMS, da sauransu), EMS Tsarin, da sauransu.

Za'a iya samar da ka'idar aiki ta asali ta hanyar sauya Powervoltaic a cikin Izini ta hanyar Inverters na Grid ko Loading Lods. A madadin haka, za a iya canzawa zuwa cikin ikon DC ta hanyar PCs kuma an caje shi zuwa fakitin baturin. A wannan matakin, lokacin tattara mai makamashi yana da ƙarshen AC. Tsarin DC an san su ne don farashinsu da sassauci, dacewa da yanayin yanayin inda masu amfani suka cinye wutar lantarki a rana da yawa da yawa a dare. A gefe guda, tsarin hada-hadar aiki ana nuna su ta hanyar tsada da sassauci, da kyau don aikace-aikacen ƙasa na zamani a rana kuma ƙasa da dare.

Gabaɗaya, gine-ginen masana'antu na masana'antu da kasuwanci na iya aiki da kansu da kansu daga babban grid na wutar lantarki kuma suna samar da microgrid don ɗaukar hoto mai ɗorewa.

II. Perem Valley Contrage

Perak Vallelage Destrage wani tsari ne wanda aka saba amfani da shi na samar da masana'antu da kasuwanci, wanda ya shafi caji daga farashin wutar lantarki da kuma karba a farashin wutar lantarki mai kyau.

Kama Sin a matsayin misali, bangarorin sana'anta da na kasuwanci da na kasuwanci yawanci suna aiwatar da lokaci-amfani da manufofin samar da wutar lantarki da manufofin farashin wutar lantarki na wutar lantarki. Misali, a cikin yankin Shanghai, ci gaban Shanghai da Gyarawa sun ba da sanarwar don kara inganta lokacin da-ke amfani da lokacin amfani da wutar lantarki a cikin City (Burin Shanghai da kuma Gyarawa [2022] No. 50). Dangane da sanarwa:

Game da dalilai na gaba ɗaya da kasuwanci, da sauran kayan lantarki biyu da manyan masana'antu biyu, lokacin ƙwallon ƙafa ya daga 19:00 zuwa ga Disamba 12:00 zuwa 14: 00 a lokacin rani (Yuli da Agusta).

A lokacin ganiya a lokacin bazara (Yuli, Agusta, Satumba) da kuma hunturu (Janairu, Disamba), farashin wutar lantarki zai tashi da kashi 80% a kan farashin lebur. Hakanan, a lokacin ƙananan lokaci, farashin wutar lantarki zai ragu da kashi 60% bisa farashin lebur. Ari, a lokacin ganawa, farashin wutar lantarki zai karu da 25% bisa farashin ƙwayoyin.

A cikin sauran watanni a cikin lokutan ganiya, farashin wutar lantarki zai ƙaru da 60% bisa farashin lebur, yayin da a cikin ƙananan lokaci, farashin zai ragu da kashi 50% akan farashin lebur.

Game da masana'antu gaba ɗaya, kasuwanci, da sauran amfani da wutar lantarki na tsarin tsari, ganiya da awanni da aka bambanta ba tare da ƙarin rabo na peak sa'o'i ba. A lokacin ganiya a lokacin bazara (Yuli, Agusta, Satumba), farashin wutar lantarki zai tashi da 45% bisa ga farashin lebur. A cikin sauran watanni yayin sa'o'i zakara, farashin wutar lantarki zai karu da kashi 17% bisa farashin lebur, yayin da a cikin ƙananan lokaci, farashin zai ragu da farashin lebur.

Tsarin adana masana'antu da kasuwanci da ke haifar da wannan tsarin ta hanyar sayen wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin farashi da kuma samar da shi zuwa nauyin lokacin wutar lantarki. Wannan aikin yana taimaka wa rage kashe kuɗin wutar lantarki na Kasuwanci.

Iii. Matsar da lokacin makamashi

"Canjin lokacin makamashi" ya ƙunshi daidaita lokacin amfani da wutar lantarki ta hanyar ajiya mai ƙarfi don santsi daga peak buƙatu da cika a lokacin buƙatu. Lokacin amfani da kayan aikin samar da wutar lantarki kamar sel na daukar hoto, da rashin daidaituwa tsakanin tsararrun farashi na iya haifar da yawan wutar lantarki ko siyayya daga kantin sayar da kaya.

Don magance wannan, masu amfani za su iya cajin baturin yayin lokutan ƙarancin wutar lantarki da fitarwa ajiyar wutar lantarki yayin lokacin cin abinci. Wannan dabarar tana da nufin kara girman fa'idodin tattalin arziki da kuma rage watsi da carbon carbon. Bugu da ƙari, ceton iska mai iska da makamashi na rana daga tushen sabuntawa don amfani da lokacin buƙatu na Peak.

Canjin zamani na makamashi ba shi da tsauraran tsari game da caji da kuma tsara plearthing don waɗannan hanyoyin aiki tare da mitar aikace-aikace.

IV.Kayan kasuwancin gama gari don adana masana'antu da kasuwanci

1.MaganaInvolved

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, tushen masana'antar makamashi da kasuwanci ya ta'allaka ne don amfani da wuraren adana makamashi, da kuma samun fa'idodin ajiya ta karagar ƙwayoyin kwari ta hanyar ƙwararrun ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin kwari. Kuma a kusa da wannan sarkar, babban mahalarta sun hada da mai ba da kayan aikin, mai ba da sabis na makamashi, da kuma mai amfani.

2.Na kowaBrashin amfaniModels

A halin yanzu, akwai samfuran kasuwanci guda huɗu na masana'antu da kasuwanci, wato jari "mai amfani da" tsarin sarrafa kuzari, da "tsarin sarrafa kuzari, da" Tsarin Makamashin Makamashi " samfurin. Mun taƙaita wannan kamar haka:

(1)Use Iba da Nasara

A ƙarƙashin ƙirar hannun jari mai amfani, mai amfani da shigar da tsarin ajiya na kuzari akan nasu don jin daɗin fa'idodin ajiya mai ƙarfi, galibi ta hanyar perak Valle. In this mode, although the user can directly reduce peak shaving and valley filling, and reduce electricity costs, they still need to bear the initial investment cost and daily operation and maintenance expenses. Canjin kasuwanci na Kasuwanci kamar haka:

(2) tsarkakakkeLcin gashin kansa

A cikin tsarkakakken yanayin yankin, mai amfani baya buƙatar siyan kayan adana makamashi a kansu. Suna buƙatar kawai don yin hayar kayan aikin ajiya daga mai ba da kayan aiki kuma suna biyan kudade masu dacewa. Mai samar da kayan aiki yana samar da gini, ayyukan sarrafawa zuwa mai amfani, kuma kudaden da kudaden shiga mai aikin kuzari ya haifar da wannan mai amfani. Canjin kasuwanci na Kasuwanci kamar haka:

(3) Gudanar da Kwamitin Kula

A karkashin tsarin gudanar da kwantaragin kuzari, mai samar da sabis na masu samar da gidan yanar gizon yana sayo wuraren ajiyar makamashi kuma yana ba su masu amfani a cikin ayyukan makamashi. Mai ba da sabis na makamashi kuma mai amfani ya raba fa'idodin kayan kuzari a cikin yanayin da aka yarda (gami da farashin tashar wutar lantarki don adana kuzarin lantarki a cikin kwari ko farashin wutar lantarki Lokaci, sannan a samar da iko ga nauyin mai amfani yayin lokacin wutar lantarki. Mai amfani da mai ba da sabis na kuzari sannan sai a raba fa'idodin ajiya na kuzari a cikin jituwa. Idan aka kwatanta da ƙirar hannun jari na kai, wannan ƙirar tana gabatar da masu samar da sabis na makamashi waɗanda ke ba da sabis ɗin da suke da aiki mai ƙarfi. Masu samar da makamashi suna taka rawar da ke hannun jari a cikin tsarin sarrafa makasudin tsarin kula da kwantaragin makasudin tsarin kula da kwantaragin sarrafa makasudin tsarin kula da makircin. Canjin kasuwanci na Kasuwanci kamar haka:

(4) Gudanar da Kamfanin Makamashi Mai Kyau

Tsarin sarrafa mai kwantaragin kai + Tsarin hirar kudi "na haya yana nufin gabatar da jam'iyyun haya na kuɗi da / ko ayyukan makamashi a karkashin tsarin gudanar da makamashi. Idan aka kwatanta da tsarin gudanar da makirar makamashi, gabatarwar tallafin masu tsirar da ke kan masu samar da makamashi, saboda haka ke baiwa su fi mayar da hankali kan ayyukan sarrafa makamashi.

Tsarin sarrafa mai kwantar da hankali + Final + Final Financi "Model ya kasance da hadaddun kuma yana da samfurori da yawa. Misali, samfurin sub na gama gari shine cewa mai ba da sabis ɗin kuzari yana samun wuraren ajiya na makamashi daga mai ba da ƙarfin lantarki, sannan kuma suka sayi wuraren ajiya tare da mai amfani zuwa mai amfani.

A lokacin yin haya, mallakar wuraren adana kayan kuzari yana da hayar ƙetaren kuzarin kuɗaɗe, kuma mai amfani yana da hakkin amfani da su. Bayan karewar lokacin da aka yi da ku, mai amfani zai iya mallakar wuraren ajiya na kuzari. Mai ba da sabis na kuzari galibi yana samar da ginin kayan aikin kuzari, aiki da sabis na tabbatarwa, kuma na iya samun daidaitawa da kuɗi na kuɗin sayar da kudade na samar da kayan aikin kayan aiki da aiki. Canjin kasuwanci na Kasuwanci kamar haka:

Ba kamar samfurin da aka gabata ba, a cikin wani samfurin iri, ɓangare na kuɗin kuɗin kuɗin kai tsaye a cikin mai ba da sabis na kuzari, maimakon mai amfani. Musamman, kudaden da aka kawo na haya yana zaɓar da kuma sayen kayan haɗin kuzari daga mai ba da sabis ɗin kuzari, kuma ku kawo kayan adana makamashi zuwa mai bada sabis na makamashi.

Mai ba da sabis na kuzari na iya amfani da irin waɗannan wuraren ajiya mai ƙarfin kuzari don samar da ayyukan makamashi ga masu amfani, sannan ku biya ƙungiyar haya tare da rabo daga fa'idodi. Bayan jimlar yarjejeniyar ta ƙare, mai ba da sabis na sabis yana samun mallakar wurin adana kuzari. Canjin kasuwanci na Kasuwanci kamar haka:

V. Yarjejeniyar Kasuwanci gama gari

A cikin samfurin da aka tattauna, jigon kasuwancin farko da kuma mahimman bangarori an bayyana kamar haka:

1.Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Hadin gwiwa:

Abubuwan da ke gaba suna iya shiga yarjejeniyar tsarin hadin gwiwa don kafa tsarin hadin gwiwa. Misali, a cikin tsarin gudanar da kwantaragin kwantaragin kuzari, mai baka na bada izinin yarjejeniya tare da mai ba da kayan aikin, ɗaukar nauyi kamar aikin ajiya da aikin ajiya na tsarin makamashi.

2.Yarjejeniyar Gudanar da makamashi don tsarin ajiya na makamashi:

Wannan yarjejeniyar yawanci tana amfani da tsarin gudanar da kwantar da kwangila da kuma tsarin sarrafa makullin "kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗen" ƙimar kuɗi. Ya ƙunshi samar da ayyukan sarrafa makamashi ta hanyar mai ba da sabis ɗin kuzari zuwa mai amfani, tare da fa'idodi masu dacewa suna ɗaukar wa mai amfani. Hadin gwiwa ya haɗa da biya daga mai amfani da haɗin gwiwar ci gaba, yayin da ƙirar sabis ɗin sabis ɗin kuzari, gini, da aiki.

3.Yarjejeniyar Siyarwa:

Ban da tsarkakakken ƙirar haya, Yarjejeniyar Kasuwancin kayan aiki sun dace a duk ƙirar ajiya na kasuwanci. Misali, a cikin tsarin mai amfani da kai, an yi yarjejeniyar da masu siyar da kayan aiki don sayan kaya don sayan kaya. Tabbacin inganci, Yarda da ka'idodi, da sabis bayan tallace-tallace suna da mahimmanci la'akari.

4.Yarjejeniyar Sabis na Fasaha:

Ana sanya hannu kan wannan yarjejeniya don isar da kayan aikin don isar da sabis na fasaha kamar tsarin ƙira, shigarwa, aiki, da tabbatarwa. Share bukatun sabis da yarda da ka'idoji sune mahimman bangarorin da za'a magance su a yarjejeniyar sabis na fasaha.

5.Yarjejeniyar Kula da Kayan Kayan aiki:

A cikin yanayin da masu samar da kayan aiki ke riƙe mallakar wuraren adana makamashi, an sanya hannu a tsakanin masu amfani da masu amfani. Wadannan Yarda da ayyukan masu amfani sun mallaki ayyukan mai amfani da kuma tabbatar da aikin yau da kullun na wuraren.

6.Tallafin Yarjejeniyar Lease:

A cikin "tsarin sarrafa makuƙi na" Tsarin Kuɗi na kuɗi, yarjejeniyar kuɗin kuɗin kuɗi, an fi haɗa shi tsakanin masu amfani ko masu ba da sabis na kuzari da kuma ɓangarorin haya na kuzari. Wannan yarjejeniya tana kula da siyan kaya da samar da wuraren ajiya na makamashi, kuma bayan zaɓin kayan aikin kuzari don masu amfani da gida ko masu samar da sabis.

VI. Kalami na musamman don masu samar da makamashi

Masu samar da makamashi suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin sarkar makamashi da kasuwanci da samun fa'idodin ajiya na makamashi. For energy service providers, there are a series of issues that need special attention under industrial and commercial energy storage, such as project preparation, project financing, facility procurement and installation. Mun taƙaita jerin waɗannan batutuwan kamar haka: