Gutegereza impinduka ku Isi: Igabanuka ry'ibyuka bihumanya ikirere rishobora kugabanuka mu 2024

Impuguke mu bijyanye n'ikirere zikomeje kugira icyizere ku gihe cy'ingenzi mu kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere—2024 ishobora kuba intandaro y'igabanuka ry'ibyuka bihumanya ikirere biva mu rwego rw'ingufu. Ibi bihuye n'ibyari byarahanuwe mbere n'Ikigo Mpuzamahanga Gishinzwe Ingufu (IEA), giteganya intambwe ikomeye mu kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere hagati mu myaka ya 2020.

Hafi kimwe cya kane cy’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ku isi bituruka mu rwego rw’ingufu, bigatuma igabanuka ry’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere riba ngombwa kugira ngo hagerwe kuri zeru bitarenze umwaka wa 2050. Iyi ntego ikomeye, yemejwe n’Ihuriro ry’Ibihugu by’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rishinzwe Imihindagurikire y’Ikirere, ifatwa nk’ingenzi kugira ngo ubushyuhe bugabanuke kugeza kuri dogere selisiyusi 1.5 no kwirinda ingaruka zikomeye z’icyorezo cy’ikirere.

Ikibazo cy' "Igihe kingana iki"

Nubwo IEA ya 2023 ivuga ko ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bishobora kwiyongera cyane mu 2025, isesengura ryakozwe na Carbon Brief rigaragaza ko hari kwiyongera cyane mu 2023. Uku kwihutisha igihe biterwa n’ikibazo cy’ingufu cyatewe n’igitero cy’Uburusiya muri Ukraine.

Fatih Birol, umuyobozi mukuru wa IEA, ashimangira ko ikibazo atari "niba" ahubwo ari "igihe kigeze" ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bizazamuka, ashimangira ko ikibazo cyihutirwa.

Bitandukanye n’impungenge, ikoranabuhanga rikoresha karubone nke rigiye kugira uruhare runini. Isesengura rya Carbon Brief rigaragaza ko ikoreshwa ry’amakara, peteroli na gaze rizagera ku rwego rwo hejuru mu 2030, bitewe n’iterambere "ridasubirwaho" ry’iri koranabuhanga.

Ingufu zisubira mu Bushinwa

Ubushinwa, nk'igihugu kinini ku isi gitanga karubone, buri gutera intambwe ikomeye mu guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rikoresha karubone nke, bigira uruhare mu igabanuka ry'ubukungu bw'ibikomoka kuri peteroli. Nubwo bwemeye sitasiyo nshya z'amashanyarazi zikoresha amakara kugira ngo zihuze n'ibikenewe mu ngufu, ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa n'Ikigo cy'Ubushakashatsi ku Ingufu n'Umwuka Wera (CREA) bwerekana ko ibyuka bihumanya ikirere mu Bushinwa bishobora kuzamuka mu mwaka wa 2030.

Umuhango w’Ubushinwa wo kongera inshuro eshatu ubushobozi bw’ingufu zishobora kongera umusaruro bitarenze umwaka wa 2030, nk’uko bikubiye mu mugambi mpuzamahanga hamwe n’abandi 117 bashyize umukono, bigaragaza impinduka zikomeye. Lauri Myllyvirta wo muri CREA avuga ko imyuka ihumanya ikirere ituruka mu Bushinwa ishobora kugabanuka mu buryo bw’imiterere guhera mu 2024 mu gihe ingufu zishobora kongera kwiyongera zizaba zujuje ibisabwa bishya by’ingufu.

Umwaka Ushyushye Cyane

Mu gihe hatekerezwa ku mwaka ushyushye cyane wanditswe muri Nyakanga 2023, aho ubushyuhe bwari hejuru cyane ku kigero cy’imyaka 120.000, impuguke zisaba ko habaho ingamba zihutirwa ku isi. Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Iteganyagihe riburira ko ikirere kibi kirimo kwangiza no kwiheba, rishimangira ko hakenewe imbaraga zihuse kandi zisesuye zo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere.