Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi Wibanze kuri LNG yo muri Amerika uko Ubuguzi bwa Gazi bwagabanutse

Mu myaka yashize, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi wagiye ukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo utandukanye ingufu zawo kandi ugabanye kwishingikiriza kuri gaze y’Uburusiya. Ihinduka ry’ingamba ryatewe nimpamvu nyinshi, zirimo impungenge ziterwa n’imivurungano ya geopolitike no gushaka kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Mu rwego rwo gushyiraho ingufu, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi uragenda uhindukirira Amerika muri gaze ya gazi isanzwe (LNG).

Ikoreshwa rya LNG ryiyongereye cyane mu myaka yashize, kubera ko iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga ryorohereje kandi rihendutse gutwara gaze mu ntera ndende. LNG ni gaze karemano yakonje kugeza kumazi, igabanya ingano yayo ku kigero cya 600. Ibi byoroha cyane gutwara no kubika, kuko ishobora koherezwa muri tanker nini ikabikwa mubigega bito ugereranije.

Kimwe mu byiza byingenzi bya LNG nuko ishobora gukomoka ahantu hatandukanye. Bitandukanye na gazi gakondo, igarukira kuri geografiya, LNG irashobora gukorerwa ahantu hose kandi ikoherezwa ahantu hose hamwe nicyambu. Ibi bituma ihitamo neza mubihugu bishaka gutandukanya ingufu zabyo.

Ku Muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, guhindura Amerika LNG bifite ingaruka zikomeye. Amateka, Uburusiya nicyo gihugu cy’ibihugu by’Uburayi bitanga gaze gasanzwe, bingana na 40% by’ibitumizwa mu mahanga. Icyakora, impungenge z’uburusiya n’ubukungu bwa politiki n’ubukungu byatumye ibihugu byinshi by’Uburayi bishakisha ubundi buryo bwa gaze.

Amerika yagaragaye nk'umukinnyi w'ingenzi muri iri soko, bitewe n’ibicuruzwa byinshi bitanga gaze karemano ndetse n’ubushobozi bwa LNG bwohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Muri 2020, Amerika niyo yabaye iya gatatu mu gutanga LNG mu bihugu by’Uburayi, nyuma ya Qatar n'Uburusiya gusa. Ariko, ibi biteganijwe ko bizahinduka mumyaka iri imbere mugihe ibyoherezwa muri Amerika bikomeje kwiyongera.

Kimwe mu bintu nyamukuru bitera iri terambere ni ukuzuza ibikoresho bishya bya LNG byoherezwa muri Amerika Mu myaka yashize, ibikoresho byinshi byaje ku rubuga rwa interineti, birimo itumanaho rya Sabine Pass muri Louisiana na Cove Point muri Maryland. Ibi bikoresho byongereye cyane ubushobozi bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa muri Amerika, byorohereza ibigo byabanyamerika kugurisha LNG kumasoko yo hanze. 

Ikindi kintu gitera impinduka kuri LNG yo muri Amerika ni ukongera ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibiciro bya gaze muri Amerika. Bitewe n'iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gucukura, umusaruro wa gazi karemano muri Amerika wiyongereye mu myaka yashize, bituma ibiciro bigabanuka ndetse bituma gaze y'Abanyamerika irushaho kugura abaguzi bo mu mahanga. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibihugu byinshi by’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi birahindukira kuri LNG yo muri Amerika mu rwego rwo kugabanya kwishingikiriza kuri gaze y’Uburusiya ari nako ibona ingufu zizewe z’ingufu zihendutse.

Muri rusange, ihinduka ryerekeza muri Amerika LNG ryerekana impinduka zikomeye ku isoko ry’ingufu ku isi. Mugihe ibihugu byinshi bihindukirira LNG muburyo bwo gutandukanya ingufu zabyo, ibikenerwa kuri lisansi birashoboka ko bizakomeza kwiyongera. Ibi bifite ingaruka zikomeye kubatunganya n’abakoresha gaze gasanzwe, ndetse no ku bukungu bwagutse ku isi.

Mu gusoza, mu gihe Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi wishingikiriza kuri gaze y’Uburusiya ushobora kugabanuka, ibikenerwa by’ingufu zizewe kandi bihendutse bikomeje gukomera nka mbere. Muguhindukira kuri LNG yo muri Amerika, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi urimo gutera intambwe y’ingenzi mu gutandukanya ingufu z’ingufu zayo no kureba ko ushobora kubona isoko y’amavuta yizewe mu myaka iri imbere.