Mu gihe cy’iterambere ryihuse mu kinyejana cya 21, gukoresha cyane no gukoresha ingufu zidashobora kongera ingufu byatumye habura ikibazo cy’ingufu zisanzwe nka peteroli, izamuka ry’ibiciro, ihumana ry’ibidukikije rikabije, imyuka ihumanya ikirere ikabije, ubushyuhe bw’isi n’ibindi ibibazo by'ibidukikije. Ku ya 22 Nzeri 2020, igihugu cyasabye intego ya karuboni ebyiri zo kugera ku mpinga ya karubone mu 2030 no kutabogama kwa karubone mu 2060.
Imirasire y'izuba ni iy'ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa, kandi ntihazabaho umunaniro mwinshi. Dukurikije imibare ya siyansi, ingufu z'izuba zirabagirana ku isi zikubye inshuro 6.000 imbaraga zisanzwe zikoreshwa n'abantu, zirenze ibyo gukoresha abantu. Mu bidukikije byo mu kinyejana cya 21, ibicuruzwa byo mu nzu byo mu bwoko bwa nyirarureshwa byabitswe. Ibyiza ni ibi bikurikira:
1, ingufu z'izuba zikwirakwira hose, mugihe cyose hari urumuri rushobora kubyara ingufu z'izuba, binyuze mumirasire y'izuba birashobora guhinduka amashanyarazi, ntibigarukira kubutaka, ubutumburuke nibindi bintu.
2, ibisenge byumuryango ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu za Photovoltaque birashobora gukoresha ingufu zizuba kugirango bitange amashanyarazi hafi, bitabaye ngombwa ko hajyaho intera ndende yingufu zamashanyarazi, kugirango birinde gutakaza ingufu ziterwa no gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi maremare, no kubika ingufu zamashanyarazi mugihe bateri.
3. n'ibindi) hamwe no gukanika imashini, ni ukuvuga ko nta kwambara gukanika no gukoresha ingufu, ukurikije isesengura rya termodinamike, ingufu z'amashanyarazi zifotora zifite ingufu nyinshi zo kubyara ingufu, zishobora kugera kuri 80%.
4, ingufu z'amashanyarazi hejuru yinzu zifite isuku kandi zangiza ibidukikije, kubera ko igisenge cyo gufotora amashanyarazi hejuru yinzu ntigikoresha lisansi, ntisohora ibintu byose birimo imyuka ihumanya ikirere hamwe nizindi myuka yangiza, ntabwo bihumanya ikirere, ntibitera urusaku, ntibikora kubyara ihindagurika, ntabwo bitanga imirase yangiza ubuzima bwabantu. Birumvikana ko bitazagira ingaruka ku kibazo cy’ingufu n’isoko ry’ingufu, kandi ni ingufu nshya kandi zangiza ibidukikije.
5, igisenge cyamafoto yububiko bwamashanyarazi kirahamye kandi cyizewe, kandi ubuzima bwizuba ryizuba rya kirisiti ni imyaka 20-35. Muri sisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi, mugihe cyose igishushanyo cyumvikana kandi guhitamo birakwiye, ubuzima bwacyo bushobora kugera kumyaka irenga 30.
6. Igiciro gito cyo kubungabunga, nta muntu udasanzwe uri ku kazi, nta bice byohereza imashini, gukora byoroshye no kubungabunga, imikorere ihamye, umutekano kandi wizewe.
7, kwishyiriraho no gutwara biroroshye, imiterere ya moderi ya Photovoltaque iroroshye, ingano ntoya, uburemere bworoshye, igihe gito cyo kubaka, yorohereza ubwikorezi bwihuse nogushiraho no gukemura ibidukikije bitandukanye.
8, igishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu yo kubika ingufu, iboneza ryoroshye, kwishyiriraho byoroshye. Buri module ya sisitemu yo kubika ingufu ni 5kwh kandi irashobora kwagurwa kugeza 30kwh.
9. Ubwenge, urugwiro, umutekano kandi wizewe. Ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu bifite ibikoresho byo gukurikirana byubwenge (terefone igendanwa ya porogaramu igenzura porogaramu ya mudasobwa igendanwa na porogaramu ikurikirana mudasobwa) hamwe n’imikorere ya kure no kuyitaho kugira ngo igenzure imikorere n’imibare y’ibikoresho igihe icyo ari cyo cyose.
10, sisitemu yo gucunga umutekano wa bateri nyinshi, sisitemu yo gukingira inkuba, sisitemu yo gukingira umuriro hamwe na sisitemu yo gucunga amashyuza kugirango umutekano ukorwe neza, kurinda byinshi kurinda byinshi.
11, amashanyarazi ahendutse. Bitewe n’ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya politiki y’ibiciro by’amashanyarazi muri iki cyiciro, igiciro cy’amashanyarazi kigabanyijemo ibiciro by’amashanyarazi ukurikije igihe "cyo hejuru, ikibaya n’ikibaya", kandi igiciro rusange cy’amashanyarazi nacyo kigaragaza icyerekezo cya "gihamye kuzamuka no kuzamuka buhoro buhoro ". Ikoreshwa rya sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za Photovoltaque ntabwo ihangayikishijwe no kuzamuka kwibiciro.
12, koroshya umuvuduko wimbaraga. Kubera ubwiyongere bukabije bw’ubukungu bw’inganda, kimwe n’ubushyuhe bukabije bukomeje, amapfa n’ibura ry’amazi mu cyi, kubyara amashanyarazi biragoye, kandi n’amashanyarazi nayo yariyongereye, kandi hazabaho ikibazo cy’ibura ry’amashanyarazi, umuriro w'amashanyarazi ndetse no gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi muri uduce twinshi. Ikoreshwa rya sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za Photovoltaque ntizizabura amashanyarazi, kandi ntizagira ingaruka kumurimo usanzwe nubuzima bwabantu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-05-2023