Nhau

Mabhatiri eSodium-ion (SIBs) anogona kupa imwe nzira inovimbisa yekuderedza mutengo panzvimbo pemabhatiri eLithium-ion (LIBs), sekureva kwemushumo weInternational Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA).

"Sangano" resanganoMabhatiri eSodium-Ion: Muchidimbu chetekinoroji"Mushumo unoti nyaya yeSIBs yakatanga kukurumbira muna 2021, apo mitengo yelithium carbonate yakatanga kukwira zvakanyanya, asi sezvo mitengo yelithium yadzikira kubva ipapo, zvichiri kutarisirwa kuonekwa kana SIBs dzichava imwe nzira yakachipa pane LIBs kwenguva refu.

Zvisinei, mushumo wacho unowedzera kuti maSIB anogona kuramba aine mukana wekukwikwidzana kupfuura maLIB, vamwe vagadziri vachitarisira kuti mutengo wemaSIB cell uchadzikira kusvika pamadhora makumi mana pakWh kana kugadzirwa kwawedzera.

MaSIB ane mukana wepamusoro peLIBs nekuda kwekuwanda uye kuwanikwa kwesodium, chinhu chakachipa zvikuru pane lithium. IRENA inoti mutengo wesodium carbonate pakati pa2020 na2024 waive pakati pe$100/tonne ne$500/tonne, nepo mutengo welithium carbonate munguva imwe cheteyo waive pakati pe$6,000/tonne ne$83,000/tonne.

Sodium yakawandawo kanenge ka1,000 kupfuura lithium iri muvhu rePasi uye yakawandisa kanenge ka60,000 mumakungwa, zvichiita kuti IRENA ifunge kuti maSIB anogona kubatsira kuderedza kumanikidzwa kwemagetsi uye kusiyanisa mabhatiri, kunyanya pakati pekukura kwekushandiswa kwemotokari dzemagetsi, izvo zvinotarisirwa kukonzera 90% yekufambisa mumigwagwa panosvika gore ra2050.

Sangano iri rakakurudzirawo kuti maSIB anogona kushandisa zvinhu zvinodhura zvishoma pakuvaka kwavo, zvakaita sezvinhu zvinodhura zvishoma zvakaita semanganese nesimbi, uye kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinounganidza aluminium panzvimbo pezvemhangura muLIB.

Mushumo unowedzera kuti maSIB ane mukana wekuderedza mutengo zvakanyanya kupfuura maLIB nekuda kwekuti tekinoroji ichiri muchikamu chayo chitsva kusvika pari zvino. Kugona kwekugadzira maSIB kunotarisirwa kusvika ku70 GWh gore rino, kunyanya muChina uye kunotongwa nemakemikari esimbi ane layered oxide cathode.

Kunyange hazvo kugona kwekugadzira kuchitarisirwa kukura kusvika 400 GWh pagore panosvika kupera kwemakore gumi, IRENA inotaura kuti kuchine kusava nechokwadi nezvekupinda kweSIBs mumusika mune ramangwana, nekufanotaura kwekudiwa kubva kunzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana kubva pa50 GWh kusvika 600 GWh pagore panosvika kupera kwemakore gumi.

Kunze kwemotokari dzemagetsi, IRENA inoti kune mukana mukuru wekuti maSIB agare kwenguva refu, akachengetedzwa zvakanaka sezvo achipa zvinhu zvinovimbisa zvekuchengetedza, kushanda zvakanaka pakupisa kwakasiyana-siyana uye hupenyu hwemakwikwi. MaSIB anogonawo kuita basa rakakosha munzvimbo dzine kupisa kwakaderera uye kupisa kwakakwirira nekuda kwekuchengetedzwa, uko anogona kuita kupfuura maLIB.

IRENA inowedzera kuti kunyange hazvo mukana wekuti pave neSIBs wakakura, kushandiswa kwesimba mune ramangwana hakusati kwajeka, nematambudziko ane chekuita nekuona kuti pave nekudiwa kwakakwana uye cheni yekupa zvinhu yakasimba. Sangano iri rinosimbisawo kuti SIBs hadzifanirwe kuonekwa sedzinotsiva LIBs zvizere, asi setekinoroji inobatsira inogona kubatsira kuderedza zvimwe zvezvinetso zvekuchengetedza uye kuwanikwa kwecheni yekupa mabhatiri.

"Kubudirira kwenguva refu kweSIBs kunogona kutsamira pazvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira mutengo uye kuwanikwa kwezvinhu," mushumo unopedzisa. "Zvipingamupinyi muchikamu chekugovera lithium, kushomeka kwelithium kana mitengo yakakwira yelithium zvese zvinogona kukonzera mwero wepamusoro wekupinda kweSIBs, nepo kudzikiswa kwemitengo muLIBs kungangove nemhedzisiro yakaipa pakudiwa kweSIBs."