Iyo nzira yekusarerekera Kabhoni: Makambani neHurumende Vari Kushanda Sei Kuderedza Kubuda

Carbon neutrality, kana net-zero emissions, ipfungwa yekuwana chiyero pakati pehuwandu hwecarbon dioxide inoburitswa mumhepo uye huwandu hwakabviswa mairi. Chiyero ichi chinogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nemusanganiswa wekudzikisa hutsi uye kuisa mari mukubvisa kabhoni kana kumisa matanho. Kuwana kusarerekera kabhoni kwave kukoshesa hurumende nemabhizinesi pasi rese, sezvo vari kutsvaga kugadzirisa dambudziko rekukurumidzira rekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.

Imwe yenzira dzakakosha dziri kushandiswa kuderedza kuburitswa kwegasi regreenhouse kutorwa kwesimba rinowanikwazve. Solar, mhepo, uye hydropower zvese zvinopa simba rakachena risingaburitse greenhouse gasi. Nyika zhinji dzakaisa zvinangwa zvekuwedzera mugove wesimba rinowanikwazve mukusanganiswa kwesimba radzo rose, vamwe vachivavarira kuwana 100% renewable simba panosvika 2050.

Imwe nzira iri kushandiswa kushandisa kabhoni kubata uye kuchengetedza (CCS) tekinoroji. CCS inosanganisira kutora carbon dioxide emissions kubva kumagetsi emagetsi kana zvimwe zvivako zvemaindasitiri nekuzvichengeta pasi pevhu kana mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza kwenguva refu. Nepo CCS ichiri mumatanho ekutanga ebudiriro, ine mukana wekudzikisa zvakanyanya kuburitswa kwegasi regreenhouse kubva kune mamwe maindasitiri anosvibisa zvakanyanya.

 Pamusoro pemhinduro dzetekinoroji, kune zvakare akati wandei emitemo matanho anogona kubatsira kuderedza kuburitswa. Izvi zvinosanganisira nzira dzemitengo yekabhoni, senge kabhoni mutero kana chivharo-uye-kutengesa masisitimu, izvo zvinogadzira kukurudzira kwemari kumakambani kuderedza kuburitsa kwavo. Hurumende dzinogonawo kumisa tarisiro dzekudzikisa hutsi uye kupa kukurudzira kumakambani anodyara magetsi akachena kana kuderedza kuburitswa kwaanoita.

Nekudaro, kune zvakare akakosha matambudziko anofanirwa kukundwa mukutsvaga kwekusarerekera kabhoni. Imwe yematambudziko makuru ndeyekudhura kwakanyanya kweakawanda renewable energy technologies. Nepo mitengo yave kudonha nekukurumidza mumakore achangopfuura, nyika zhinji nemabhizinesi vachiri kuona zvakaoma kururamisa mari yekutanga inodiwa kuti ichinje kune inogonesa magetsi masosi.

Rimwe dambudziko kudiwa kwekushandira pamwe kwenyika dzakawanda. Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze idambudziko repasi rose rinoda kupindirana kwemhinduro yepasirese. Zvisinei, nyika dzakawanda dzave dzichizengurira kuita chimwe chinhu, zvichida nemhaka yokuti hadzina mari yokuisa mari musimba rakachena kana kuti nemhaka yokuti dziri kutyira kutapura upfumi hwadzo.

Pasinei nematambudziko aya, pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zvekuva netariro nezveramangwana rekusarerekera kabhoni. Hurumende nevemabhizimisi pasi rose vari kuramba vachiona kukurumidza kwedambudziko remamiriro ekunze uye vari kutora matanho ekuderedza hutsi. Pamusoro pezvo, kufambira mberi mune tekinoroji kuri kuita kuti masosi emagetsi anogona kudzoreredzwa adhurike uye awanikwe kupfuura nakare kose.

Mukupedzisa, kuwana kusarerekera kabhoni ivavariro asi inogoneka. Izvo zvinoda musanganiswa wehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji, matanho emitemo, uye kushandira pamwe kwenyika dzese. Zvakadaro, kana tikabudirira mukuedza kwedu kuderedza kuburitswa kwegasi regreenhouse, tinogona kugadzira ramangwana rakagadzikana kwatiri isu nezvizvarwa zvinotevera.