ChiiIzvemaindasitiri uyeCommercialEnergyStorage uyeCommonBusinessModels

I. Industrial and Commercial Energy Storage

"Industrial uye yekutengesa simba rekuchengetedza" zvinoreva simba rekuchengetedza masisitimu anoshandiswa mumaindasitiri kana ekutengesa nzvimbo.

Kubva pamaonero evashandisi vekupedzisira, kuchengetedza kwesimba kunogona kuiswa musimba-parutivi, grid-parutivi, uye mushandisi-parutivi simba rekuchengetedza. Simba-parutivi uye grid-parutivi simba rekuchengetedza inozivikanwawo se pre-mita simba rekuchengetedza kana kuwanda kuchengetedza, nepo mushandisi-parutivi simba rekuchengetedza rinodaidzwa sekunge post-mita simba rekuchengetedza. Mushandisi-parutivi simba rekuchengetedza rinogona kukamurwazve kuita indasitiri uye yekutengesa simba rekuchengetedza uye imba yekuchengetedza simba. Muchidimbu, maindasitiri uye ekutengesa simba rekuchengetedza anowira pasi pemushandisi-parutivi simba rekuchengetedza, kugovera kune maindasitiri kana ekutengesa zvivakwa. Maindasitiri nekutengesa magetsi ekuchengetedza anowana maapplication munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana, kusanganisira mapaki eindasitiri, nzvimbo dzekutengesa, nzvimbo dzedata, nzvimbo dzekutaurirana, zvivakwa zvekutonga, zvipatara, zvikoro, uye zvivakwa zvekugara.

Kubva pakuona kwehunyanzvi, magadzirirwo emaindasitiri uye ekutengesa simba rekuchengetedza masisitimu anogona kuiswa mumhando mbiri: DC-akabatana masisitimu uye AC-akabatana masisitimu. DC-coupling masisitimu anowanzo anoshandisa akasanganiswa photovoltaic ekuchengetedza masisitimu, anosanganisira akasiyana maficha senge photovoltaic magetsi ekugadzira masisitimu (kunyanya anosanganisira photovoltaic modules uye controller), simba rekuchengetedza simba rekugadzira masisitimu (kunyanya kusanganisira bhatiri mapaketi, bidirectional converters ("PCS"), bhatiri. manejimendi masisitimu ("BMS"), kuwana kubatanidzwa kwe photovoltaic simba rekugadzira uye kuchengetedza), simba rekutonga masisitimu ("EMS masisitimu"), nezvimwe.

Nheyo yakakosha yekushanda inosanganisira kuchaja kwakananga kwebhatiri mapaketi ane DC simba rinogadzirwa ne photovoltaic modules kuburikidza ne photovoltaic controllers. Pamusoro pezvo, simba reAC kubva kugedhi rinogona kushandurwa kuita DC simba kuburikidza nePCS kuchaja bhatiri paki. Kana paine kudiwa kwemagetsi kubva pamutoro, bhatiri rinoburitsa ikozvino, nenzvimbo yekuunganidza simba iri pakupera kwebhatiri. Kune rimwe divi, AC-coupling masisitimu anosanganisira akati wandei, anosanganisira photovoltaic magetsi ekugadzira masisitimu (kunyanya anosanganisira photovoltaic modules uye grid-yakabatana inverters), simba rekuchengetedza simba rekugadzira masisitimu (kunyanya kusanganisira bhatiri mapaketi, PCS, BMS, nezvimwewo), EMS. system, nezvimwewo.

Nheyo yekutanga yekushanda inosanganisira kushandura simba reDC rinogadzirwa ne photovoltaic modules kuva AC simba kuburikidza negridi-yakabatana inverters, iyo inogona kupiwa zvakananga kune grid kana magetsi emagetsi. Neimwe nzira, inogona kushandurwa kuita DC simba kuburikidza nePCS uye kuchaja kune bhatiri pack. Panguva ino, nzvimbo yekuunganidza simba iri kumagumo eAC. DC coupling masisitimu anozivikanwa nekudhura-kushanda uye kuchinjika, akakodzera mamiriro ezvinhu apo vashandisi vanoshandisa mashoma magetsi masikati uye akawanda usiku. Kune rumwe rutivi, AC coupling systems inoratidzirwa nepamusoro-soro uye kushanduka-shanduka, yakakodzera kune zvikumbiro apo photovoltaic magetsi ekugadzira magetsi atove aripo kana kuti apo vashandisi vanoshandisa magetsi akawanda masikati uye zvishoma usiku.

Kazhinji, dhizaini yemaindasitiri uye ekutengesa simba rekuchengetedza masisitimu anogona kushanda akazvimirira kubva kune guru remagetsi gidhi uye kuumba microgrid ye photovoltaic simba rekugadzira uye kuchengetedza bhatiri.

II. Peak Valley Arbitrage

Peak valley arbitrage ndiyo inowanzoshandiswa modhi yemari yekuchengetera magetsi eindasitiri neyekutengesa, inosanganisira kuchaja kubva kune grid nemitengo yakaderera yemagetsi uye kuburitsa nemitengo yakakwira magetsi.

Tichitora China semuenzaniso, zvikamu zvaro zvemaindasitiri uye zvekutengesa zvinowanzoita nguva-ye-yekushandisa-yemagetsi mitemo yemitengo uye peak mitemo yemitengo yemagetsi. Semuenzaniso, munharaunda yeShanghai, Shanghai Development and Reform Commission yakabudisa chiziviso chekuwedzera nguva yekushandiswa kwemitengo yemagetsi muguta (Shanghai Development and Reform Commission [2022] No. 50). Maererano nechiziviso:

Nezvese zvakajairika maindasitiri uye zvekutengesa zvinangwa, pamwe nemamwe maviri-chikamu uye makuru maindasitiri maviri-chikamu mashandisirwo emagetsi, nguva yepamusoro inobva 19:00 kusvika 21:00 munguva yechando (Ndira naZvita) uye kubva 12:00 kusvika 14: 00 muzhizha (Chikunguru naNyamavhuvhu).

Munguva dzepamusoro-soro muzhizha (Chikunguru, Nyamavhuvhu, Gunyana) uye chando (Ndira, Zvita), mitengo yemagetsi ichakwira ne80% zvichienderana nemutengo wakadzika. Sezvineiwo, panguva dzakaderera, mitengo yemagetsi inoderera ne60% zvichienderana nemutengo wakadzika. Pamusoro pezvo, panguva dzepamusoro-soro, mitengo yemagetsi inokwira ne25% zvichienderana nemutengo wepamusoro.

Mune mimwe mwedzi panguva dzepamusoro-soro, mitengo yemagetsi ichawedzera ne60% zvichienderana nemutengo wakadzikama, nepo panguva dzakaderera mitengo ichaderera ne50% zvichienderana nemutengo wakadzika.

Kune zvakajairika maindasitiri, kutengeserana, uye mamwe-single-system mashandisirwo emagetsi, chete peak uye mipata maawa anosiyaniswa pasina kumwe kukamurwa kwemaawa epamusoro. Munguva dzepamusoro-soro muzhizha (Chikunguru, Nyamavhuvhu, Gunyana) uye chando (Ndira, Zvita), mitengo yemagetsi ichakwira ne20% zvichienderana nemutengo wakadzika, nepo panguva dzakaderera, mitengo ichaderera ne45% zvichienderana nemutengo wakadzika. Mune mimwe mwedzi panguva dzepamusoro-soro, mitengo yemagetsi ichawedzera ne17% zvichienderana nemutengo wakadzika, nepo panguva dzakaderera mitengo ichaderera ne45% zvichienderana nemutengo wakadzika.

Maindasitiri uye ekutengesa magetsi ekuchengetedza magetsi anowedzera ichi chimiro chemitengo nekutenga magetsi emutengo wakaderera panguva yekusakwira-nguva uye kupa iwo kumutoro panguva yepamusoro kana yepamusoro-mutengo wemagetsi nguva. Iyi tsika inobatsira kuderedza mari yemagetsi emabhizinesi.

III. Energy Time Shift

"Energy time shift" inosanganisira kugadzirisa nguva yekushandiswa kwemagetsi kuburikidza nekuchengetedza simba kuti ibudise zvido zvepamusoro uye kuzadza nguva yakaderera-inoda. Paunenge uchishandisa midziyo yekugadzira magetsi senge photovoltaic masero, kusawirirana pakati pechizvarwa curve uye mutoro wekushandisa curve zvinogona kutungamirira kumamiriro ezvinhu apo vashandisi vanogona kutengesa magetsi akawandisa kune grid nemitengo yakaderera kana kutenga magetsi kubva kune grid nemitengo yakakwirira.

Kuti zvigadzirise izvi, vashandisi vanogona kuchaja bhatiri panguva dzekushomeka kwemagetsi uye kuburitsa magetsi akachengetwa panguva dzepamusoro pekushandisa. Iri zano rine chinangwa chekuwedzera mabhenefiti ehupfumi uye kuderedza corporate carbon emissions. Pamusoro pezvo, kuchengetedza mhepo yakawandisa uye simba rezuva kubva kune zvinogoneka kushandiswa kuti rizoshandiswa gare gare panguva yezvinodiwa zvakanyanya kunoonekwawo sesimba rekuchinja nguva.

Simba rekuchinja nguva harina zvakaomesesa zvinodikanwa zvine chekuita nekuchaja uye kuburitsa masheti, uye masimba emagetsi emaitiro aya anochinjika, zvichiita kuti ive mhinduro inogoneka ine yakawanda frequency yekushandisa.

IV.Yakajairika bhizinesi modhi yeindasitiri uye yekutengesa simba rekuchengetedza

1.ChidzidzoInvolved

Sezvambotaurwa, musimboti wemaindasitiri nekutengesa simba rekuchengetedza raramo mukushandisa masimba ekuchengetedza magetsi uye masevhisi, uye kuwana mabhenefiti ekuchengetedza simba kuburikidza nepeak valley arbitrage nedzimwe nzira. Uye kutenderedza ketani iyi, vatori vechikamu vakuru vanosanganisira mupi wemidziyo, mupi wesimba rekupa, kupa mari yekurenda bato, uye mushandisi:

2.CommonBusinessModels

Parizvino, kune mana akajairwa mabhizinesi emhando yekuchengetera magetsi eindasitiri neyekutengesa, anoti "mushandisi wega Investment" modhi, "pure leasing" modhi, "contract energy management" modhi, uye "contract energy management + financing leasing" model. Takapfupisa izvi sezvizvi:

(1)Use Investment

Pasi pemushandisi wega wekudyara modhi, mushandisi anotenga nekuisa masisitimu ekuchengetedza simba ega kuti anakirwe nekuchengetedza simba mabhenefiti, kunyanya kuburikidza nepeak valley arbitrage. Mune iyi modhi, kunyangwe mushandisi achigona kudzikisa zvakananga kuveura uye kuzadza mupata, uye kuderedza mutengo wemagetsi, ivo vachiri kufanira kutakura mutengo wekutanga wekudyara uye kushanda kwemazuva ese uye mari yekugadzirisa. Iyo dhizaini yemuenzaniso webhizinesi ndeiyi inotevera:

(2) AkachenaLeasing

Mune yakachena leasing mode, mushandisi haafanire kutenga magetsi ekuchengetedza ega zvivakwa. Ivo chete vanongoda kurenda magetsi ekuchengetedza magetsi kubva kumupi wemidziyo uye kubhadhara mari inoenderana. Mupi wemidziyo anopa mabasa ekuvaka, ekushanda uye ekugadzirisa kumushandisi, uye mari yekuchengetedza simba inogadzirwa kubva pane izvi inonakidzwa nemushandisi. Iyo dhizaini yemuenzaniso webhizinesi ndeiyi inotevera:

(3) Contract Energy Management

Pasi pekontrakiti yemagetsi manejimendi modhi, mupi webasa remagetsi anodyara mukutenga nzvimbo dzekuchengetera magetsi uye anoapa kune vashandisi nenzira yesimba masevhisi. Mupi wesimba rekushandisa uye mushandisi vanogovana mabhenefiti ekuchengetedza simba nenzira yakabvumiranwa (kusanganisira kugovana purofiti, kuderedzwa kwemutengo wemagetsi, nezvimwewo), kureva, kushandisa simba rekuchengetedza magetsi chiteshi kuchengetedza simba remagetsi panguva yemupata kana mutengo wakajairika wemagetsi. nguva, uyezve kupa simba kune mutoro wemushandisi panguva yepamusoro yemutengo wemagetsi. Mushandisi uye mupi webasa remagetsi anobva agovera mabhenefiti ekuchengetedza simba muchikamu chakabvumiranwa. Kuenzaniswa nemushandisi wega wekudyara modhi, modhi iyi inosuma vanopa masevhisi emagetsi vanopa anowirirana ekuchengetedza simba masevhisi. Vanopa masevhisi emagetsi vanoita basa revanoisa mari muchibvumirano chesimba rekutonga modhi, iyo kusvika pamwero yakati inoderedza kudzvanywa kwekudyara kune vashandisi. Iyo dhizaini yemuenzaniso webhizinesi ndeiyi inotevera:

(4) Contract Energy Management + Financing Leasing

Iyo "Contract Energy Management+Financial Leasing" modhi inoreva kuunzwa kwebato rekurejesa remari semudiki wenzvimbo dzekuchengetera simba uye/kana masevhisi emagetsi pasi peContract Energy Management modhi. Zvichienzaniswa nekondirakiti yemagetsi manejimendi modhi, kuunzwa kwemari mapato ekurenda kutenga nzvimbo dzekuchengetera magetsi kunoderedza zvakanyanya kudzvanywa kwemari kune vanopa masevhisi emagetsi, nekudaro zvichiita kuti vatarise zvirinani pamasevhisi ekutonga simba.

Iyo "Contract Energy Management+Financial Leasing" modhi yakaoma uye ine akati wandei mamodheru. Semuyenzaniso, imwe yakajairika sub modhi ndeyekuti mupi wesimba remagetsi anowana nzvimbo dzekuchengetera magetsi kubva kune anopa zvekushandisa kutanga, uyezve bato rekubhadhara mari rinosarudza nekutenga nzvimbo dzekuchengetera magetsi zvichienderana nechibvumirano chavo nemushandisi, uye nekurenda nzvimbo dzekuchengetera magetsi. mushandisi.

Munguva yekurenda, muridzi wenzvimbo dzekuchengetera magetsi ndedzemubhadharo wekubhadhara mari, uye mushandisi ane kodzero yekuzvishandisa. Mushure mekupera kwenguva yekurenda, mushandisi anogona kuwana muridzi wenzvimbo yekuchengetedza simba. Mupi wesimba remagetsi anonyanya kupa simba rekuchengetera nzvimbo yekuvaka, kushanda uye kugadzirisa masevhisi kune vashandisi, uye anogona kuwana anowirirana kutarisisa kubva kune mari yekurenda bato rekutengesa nekushanda kwemidziyo. Iyo dhizaini yemuenzaniso webhizinesi ndeiyi inotevera:

Kusiyana nemuenzaniso wembeu yapfuura, mune imwe mhando yembeu, bato rekurenda rezvemari rinoisa mari yakananga kune mupi webasa remagetsi, pane mushandisi. Kunyanya, bato rinokwereta mari rinosarudza uye kutenga nzvimbo dzekuchengetera magetsi kubva kumupi wemidziyo zvinoenderana nechibvumirano chayo nemupi wesimba remagetsi, uye inorejesa nzvimbo dzekuchengetera magetsi kune anopa simba rekushandisa.

Mupi wesimba remagetsi anogona kushandisa zvivakwa zvekuchengetera magetsi kupa masevhisi emagetsi kune vashandisi, kugovera mabhenefiti ekuchengetedza simba nevashandisi muchikamu chakabvumiranwa, uye odzosera bato rekurenda mari nechikamu chezvibatsiro. Mushure mekunge nguva yekurenda yapera, mupi webasa remagetsi anowana muridzi wenzvimbo yekuchengetedza simba. Iyo dhizaini yemuenzaniso webhizinesi ndeiyi inotevera:

V. Common Business Agreements

Mune yakakurukurwa modhi, ekutanga bhizinesi maprotocol uye zvine hukama zvinhu zvinotsanangurwa sezvizvi:

1.Cooperation Framework Agreement:

Masangano anogona kupinda muchibvumirano chekushandira pamwe kuti agadzire hwaro hwekushandira pamwe. Semuenzaniso, mukontrakiti yesimba rekutonga modhi, mupi webasa resimba anogona kusaina chibvumirano chakadaro nemupi wemidziyo, achitsanangura mabasa akadai sekuvaka uye kushanda kwesimba rekuchengetedza simba.

2.Chibvumirano cheManeji Egetsi cheMagetsi Ekuchengetedza Masisitimu:

Chibvumirano ichi chinowanzo shanda kune kontrakiti simba rekutonga modhi uye "contract simba manejimendi + mari yekurenda" modhi. Inosanganisira kupihwa kwesimba rekutonga masevhisi nemupi wesimba rekushandisa kune mushandisi, ane mabhenefiti anoenderana anowanikwa kumushandisi. Mabasa anosanganisira kubhadhara kubva kumushandisi uye kushandira pamwe kwekusimudzira chirongwa, ukuwo mupi wesimba remagetsi achibata dhizaini, kuvaka, uye kushanda.

3.Equipment Sales Agreement:

Kunze kweiyo yakachena yekurenda modhi, zvibvumirano zvekutengesa zvemidziyo zvine chekuita mune ese ekutengesa simba rekuchengetedza mamodhi. Semuenzaniso, mune mushandisi wega-investment modhi, zvibvumirano zvinogadzirwa nevashambadziri vemidziyo yekutenga nekuiswa kwenzvimbo dzekuchengetera simba. Simbiso yemhando, kutevedzera zviyero, uye mushure mekutengesa sevhisi zvakakosha kufunga.

4.Technical Service Agreement:

Chibvumirano ichi chinowanzosainwa nemupi wemidziyo kuendesa masevhisi ehunyanzvi akadai sedhizaini yehurongwa, kuisirwa, kushanda, uye kugadzirisa. Zvakajeka sevhisi zvinodiwa uye kutevedzera zviyero zvinhu zvakakosha zvinofanirwa kugadziriswa muzvibvumirano zvebasa rehunyanzvi.

5.Equipment Lease Agreement:

Mumamiriro ezvinhu apo vanopa michina vanochengeta varidzi venzvimbo dzekuchengetera magetsi, zvibvumirano zvekurejesa zvemidziyo zvinosainwa pakati pevashandisi nevapeji. Zvibvumirano izvi zvinotsanangura mabasa evashandisi kuchengetedza uye kuona kushanda kwakajairika kwezvivakwa.

6.Kubhadhara Chibvumirano cheLease:

Mu "Contract Energy Management + Financial Leasing" modhi, chibvumirano chekubhadhara mari chinowanzo kusimbiswa pakati pevashandisi kana vanopa masevhisi emagetsi uye mapato ekubhadhara mari. Chibvumirano ichi chinotonga kutengwa nekupihwa kwenzvimbo dzekuchengetera magetsi, kodzero dzevaridzi panguva uye mushure menguva yekurenda, uye kufunga kwekusarudza nzvimbo dzakakodzera dzekuchengetera magetsi kune vashandisi vemba kana vanopa masevhisi emagetsi.

VI. Kuchenjerera kwakakosha kune vanopa masevhisi emagetsi

Vanopa masevhisi emagetsi vanoita basa rakakosha muketani yekuwana maindasitiri nekutengesa simba rekuchengetedza uye kuwana mabhenefiti ekuchengetedza simba. Kune vanopa masevhisi emagetsi, pane nyaya dzakatevedzana dzinoda kutariswa zvakanyanya pasi pekuchengetedza magetsi eindasitiri nekutengesa, sekugadzirira chirongwa, mari yepurojekiti, kutenga nzvimbo uye kuisa. Isu tinonyora nyaya idzi muchidimbu sezvizvi: