UPhuculo lweNguqulelo kuShishino lwaMandla: Izazinzulu ziphuhlisa indlela eNtsha yokuGcina amandla aVuselelwayo

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, amandla avuselelekayo aye ayinto ethandwa kakhulu kumafutha efosili. Nangona kunjalo, omnye wemingeni emikhulu ejongene noshishino lwamandla ahlaziyekayo kukufumana indlela yokugcina amandla angaphezulu avela kwimithombo evuselelekayo efana nomoya kunye namandla elanga. Kodwa ngoku, izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa into enokutshintsha yonke into.

Abaphandi kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eBerkeley baye baphuhlisa indlela entsha yokugcina amandla avuselelekayo anokuthi aguqule ishishini. Ukuphumelela kuquka ukusetyenziswa kohlobo lwemolekyuli ebizwa ngokuba yi-“photoswitch,” ekwazi ukufunxa ukukhanya kwelanga ize igcine amandla ayo de ifuneke.

Iimolekyuli ze-photoswitch zenziwe ngamacandelo amabini: icandelo elithatha ukukhanya kunye necandelo lokugcina. Xa zisesichengeni sokukhanya kwelanga, iimolekyuli zifunxa amandla zize ziwagcine ekwimo ezinzileyo. Xa amandla agciniweyo efuneka, iimolekyuli zinokushukunyiswa ukuba zikhuphe amandla ngendlela yobushushu okanye yokukhanya.

Izicelo ezinokuthi zibekho kolu phuhliso zininzi kakhulu. Umzekelo, inokuvumela imithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo njengamandla elanga nawomoya ukuba isetyenziswe ngokusebenzayo ngakumbi, nokuba ilanga lingakhanyi okanye umoya ungavuthi. Isenokwenza ukuba kukwazeke ukugcina amandla agqithileyo aveliswa ngamaxesha emfuno ephantsi kwaye emva koko uwakhulule ngexesha lemfuno ephezulu, ukunciphisa imfuno yezityalo zamandla efosili ebiza imali eninzi kunye nezonakaliswa kokusingqongileyo.

Abaphandi emva koku kuphumelela bayonwabile malunga nefuthe elinokubakho kwishishini lamandla. "Oku kunokutshintsha umdlalo," utshilo omnye wabaphandi abaphambili, uNjingalwazi Omar Yaghi. "Inokwenza amandla ahlaziyekayo asebenze ngakumbi kwaye angabizi kakhulu, kwaye asincede sibheke kwikamva elizinzileyo."

Kakade ke, usemninzi umsebenzi ekufuneka wenziwe ngaphambi kokuba obu bugcisa buphunyezwe ngokubanzi. Abaphandi ngoku basebenza ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kweemolekyuli zefotowitch, kunye nokufumana iindlela zokunyusa imveliso. Kodwa ukuba bayaphumelela, oku kunokuba lutshintsho olukhulu kumlo ochasene nokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye notshintsho lwethu olusingise kwikamva elicocekileyo nelizinzileyo.

Ukuqukumbela, uphuhliso lweemolekyuli zephotoswitch lubonisa impumelelo enkulu kwishishini lamandla. Ngokubonelela ngendlela entsha yokugcina amandla ahlaziyekayo, obu bugcisa bunokusinceda ukuba simke ekuxhomekekeni kumafutha efosili kwaye sisingise kwikamva elizinzileyo. Nangona usemninzi umsebenzi ekufuneka wenziwe, le mpumelelo linyathelo elichulumancisayo eliya phambili kwiphulo lethu lokufumana amandla acocekileyo naluhlaza.