Indlela eya kwi-Carbon Neutrality: Indlela iinkampani kunye noorhulumente abasebenza ngayo ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi

Ukungathathi cala kwekhabhoni, okanye ukukhutshwa kwe-net-zero, yingcamango yokufikelela kwibhalansi phakathi kobungakanani bekhabhoni dioksayidi ekhutshwa emoyeni kunye nobungakanani obususwayo kuwo. Olu lungelelwaniso lunokufezekiswa ngokudityaniswa kokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kunye nokutyala imali kwiindlela zokususa ikhabhoni okanye zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni. Ukufezekisa ukungathathi cala kwekhabhoni kube yinto ephambili koorhulumente kunye namashishini kwihlabathi liphela, njengoko befuna ukujongana nosongelo olungxamisekileyo lotshintsho lwemozulu.

Enye yeendlela eziphambili ezisetyenziswayo ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ezingcolisa umoya kukusetyenziswa kwemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo. Ilanga, umoya, kunye namandla ombane aphuma emanzini zonke ziyimithombo yamandla acocekileyo angavelisi ukukhutshwa kwegesi ezingcolisa umoya. Amazwe amaninzi azibekele usukelo olukhulu lokwandisa isabelo samandla avuselelekayo kumxube wawo wamandla, amanye ejonge ukufikelela kwi-100% yamandla avuselelekayo ngo-2050.

Elinye icebo elisetyenziswayo kukusebenzisa iteknoloji yokubamba nokugcina ikhabhoni (CCS). I-CCS ibandakanya ukubamba ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni diokside kwizityalo zamandla okanye kwezinye izakhiwo zoshishino kunye nokuyigcina phantsi komhlaba okanye kwezinye iindawo zokugcina ixesha elide. Nangona i-CCS isekwinqanaba layo lokuqala lophuhliso, inako ukunciphisa kakhulu ukukhutshwa kwegesi ezibangela ubushushu obuphezulu ezivela kwezinye zezona mizi-mveliso zingcolisayo.

 Ukongeza kwizisombululo zobuchwepheshe, kukwakho neendlela ezininzi zomgaqo-nkqubo ezinokunceda ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwegesi. Ezi ziquka iindlela zokubeka amaxabiso egesi, ezifana nerhafu yekhabhoni okanye iinkqubo zokuthengisa kunye nokuthengisa, ezidala isikhuthazo semali kwiinkampani ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi. Oorhulumente banokubeka iinjongo zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi kwaye banike izikhuthazo kwiinkampani ezityala imali kumandla acocekileyo okanye ezinciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi.

Nangona kunjalo, kukwakho nemingeni ebalulekileyo ekufuneka yoyiswe ekufuneni ukungathathi cala kwekhabhoni. Enye yemingeni emikhulu yindleko ephezulu yetekhnoloji ezininzi zamandla avuselelekayo. Nangona iindleko ziye zehla ngokukhawuleza kwiminyaka yakutshanje, amazwe amaninzi kunye namashishini asakufumanisa kunzima ukuthethelela utyalo-mali olufunekayo ukuze kutshintshelwe kwimithombo yamandla avuselelekayo.

Omnye umngeni yimfuno yentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe. Utshintsho lwemozulu yingxaki yehlabathi efuna impendulo edibeneyo yehlabathi. Nangona kunjalo, amazwe amaninzi aye athandabuza ukuthatha inyathelo, nokuba kungenxa yokuba engenazo izixhobo zokutyala imali kumandla acocekileyo okanye ngenxa yokuba exhalabile ngempembelelo kuqoqosho lwawo.

Nangona le mingeni injalo, zininzi izizathu zokuba nethemba ngekamva lokungakhethi cala kwekhabhoni. Oorhulumente kunye namashishini kwihlabathi liphela baya beqonda ngakumbi ukungxamiseka kwengxaki yemozulu kwaye bathatha amanyathelo okunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya ongcolileyo. Ukongeza, inkqubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe yenza imithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo ibe nexabiso eliphantsi kwaye ifikeleleke ngakumbi kunangaphambili.

Ukuqukumbela, ukufezekisa ukungathathi cala kwekhabhoni yinjongo enomdla kodwa enokufezekiswa. Kuya kufuna indibaniselwano yobuchule bobuchwepheshe, amanyathelo omgaqo-nkqubo, kunye nentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba siyaphumelela kwimizamo yethu yokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ezibangela ukufudumala komhlaba, sinokudala ikamva elizinzileyo ngakumbi kuthi nakwizizukulwana ezizayo.