Ukunyuka Kwelanga: Ukulindela Ukutshintsha Kwe-Hydroelectricity e-USA ngo-2024 kunye Nempembelelo Yayo Kwindawo Yamandla

Kwisityhilelo esimangalisayo, ingxelo ye-US Energy Information Administration's Short-Term Energy Outlook iqikelela ixesha elibalulekileyo kwimeko yamandla yelizwe.—Ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga e-US kulindeleke ukuba kudlule ukuveliswa kwamandla ombane ngamanzi ngonyaka ka-2024. Olu tshintsho lwenyikima lulandela umkhwa obekwe ngamandla omoya e-US, owadlula ukuveliswa kwamandla ombane ngamanzi ngo-2019. Makhe sijonge iziphumo zolu tshintsho, sihlolisise amandla, iipatheni zokukhula, kunye nemingeni enokubakho ezayo.

Ukunyuka Kwelanga: Isishwankathelo Sezibalo

Ukusukela ngoSeptemba 2022, amandla elanga ase-US enze inkqubela yembali, evelisa malunga ne-19 yeebhiliyoni zeekhilowathi-iiyure zombane. Oku kudlule imveliso evela kwizityalo zombane zamanzi zase-US, nto leyo ephawula okokuqala ukuba amandla elanga adlula amandla e-hydroelectric kwinyanga ethile. Idatha evela kwingxelo ibonisa indlela yokukhula ebeka amandla elanga njengamandla alawulayo kwipotifoliyo yamandla yesizwe.

Amanqanaba okukhula: Ilanga vs. I-Hydro

Amanqanaba okukhula kwamandla afakiweyo axela ibali elinomtsalane. Ukususela ngo-2009 ukuya ku-2022, amandla elanga kulindeleke ukuba akhule ngomyinge we-44 ekhulwini ngonyaka, ngelixa amandla ombane wamanzi ehlehla kakhulu ngokukhula okungaphantsi kwe-1 ekhulwini ngonyaka. Ngo-2024, ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga ngonyaka kulindeleke ukuba kudlule oko kwamanzi, nto leyo eqinisa ukunyuka kwamandla elanga ukuya phambili kwimveliso yamandla e-US.

Umfanekiso ofutshane woMbane wangoku: Ilanga kunye nombane wamanzi

Amanqanaba okukhula komthamo ofakelweyo phakathi kwamandla elanga kunye namandla e-hydroelectric agxininisa indlela emangalisayo yamandla elanga e-US Ukususela ngo-2009 ukuya ku-2022, umthamo welanga kulindeleke ukuba ube nomlinganiselo omangalisayo wokukhula konyaka we-44 ekhulwini. Olu lwando lukhawulezayo lubonisa ukwanda kokwamkelwa kunye notyalo-mali kwiziseko zophuhliso zamandla elanga kulo lonke ilizwe. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, umthamo wombane ophuma emanzini ubukhula kancinci, kunye nokunyuka konyaka okungaphantsi kwe-1 ekhulwini ngexesha elifanayo. La mazinga okukhula ahlukeneyo agxininisa utshintsho oluqhubekayo kumhlaba wamandla, apho amandla elanga alungele ukudlula amandla elanga njengomthombo oyintloko wokuveliswa kwamandla ngo-2024. Eli nqaku liqinisekisa ukunyuka kwelanga ukuya phambili kwimveliso yamandla e-US, nto leyo ebonisa utshintsho oluya kwimithombo yamandla ecocekileyo nezinzileyo.

Izinto Eziqwalaselweyo Kwindalo Esingqongileyo: Umda Ozinzileyo Welanga

Ukunyuka kwamandla elanga eMelika akubonisi nje kuphela utshintsho olukhulu kwindlela yokuvelisa amandla kodwa kukwagxininisa neenzuzo zayo ezinzulu kwindalo esingqongileyo. Ukwanda kokwamkelwa kokufakelwa kwamandla elanga kunegalelo ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni, kukhuthaza indlela ezinzileyo neyobuhlobo nendalo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zamandla zesizwe. Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yale nguqu ayinakugqithiswa, ngakumbi njengoko eli shishini likhula kwaye lihambelana neenjongo zemozulu ezibanzi. Ngokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kumafutha e-fossil, amandla elanga anamandla okunciphisa iziphumo ezimbi zotshintsho lwemozulu, njengokunyuka kwamanqanaba olwandle, iziganeko zemozulu ezimbi kakhulu, kunye nokulahleka kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo. Ngaphezu koko, ukwanda kokwamkelwa kwamandla elanga kulindeleke ukuba kudalwe imisebenzi emitsha kwaye kukhuthaze ukukhula koqoqosho, kuqinise ngakumbi isikhundla sayo njengomqhubi obalulekileyo wophuhliso oluzinzileyo. Njengoko i-US iqhubeka nokwamkela amandla elanga, ikulungele ukukhokela indlela ekuguqukeleni kwikamva lamandla elicocekileyo nelizinzileyo.

Imingeni yeMozulu yoMbane oPheleleyo ngamanzi

Le ngxelo igxininisa ukuba ukuveliswa kombane ngamanzi e-US kusengozini kwiimeko zemozulu, ingakumbi kwimimandla efana nePacific Northwest apho isebenza njengomthombo obalulekileyo wombane. Amandla okulawula imveliso ngokusebenzisa amachibi athintelwe ziimeko ze-hydrologic zexesha elide kunye nobunzima obuhambelana namalungelo amanzi. Oku kugxininisa uhlobo olunemiba emininzi yokuveliswa kwamandla kunye nokubaluleka kokwahlukahluka kwemithombo yethu yamandla xa kujongwe iipateni zemozulu ezingaqinisekanga. Nangona amandla ombane ngamanzi ebedlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuhlangabezaneni neemfuno zamandla, ukulinganiselwa kwawo xa kujongwe utshintsho lwemozulu kufuna ukudityaniswa kweminye imithombo evuselelekayo efana nelanga nomoya. Ngokwamkela ipotifoliyo yamandla eyahlukeneyo, sinokuphucula ukuqina, sinciphise ukuxhomekeka kwimithombo enye, kwaye siqinisekise ukunikezelwa kwamandla okuthembekileyo nokuzinzileyo kwixesha elizayo.

Iziphumo kwiShishini lezaMandla

Utshintsho oluzayo ukusuka kumbane wamanzi ukuya kumandla elanga lunempembelelo ebalulekileyo kushishino lwamandla. Ukususela kwiipateni zotyalo-mali kunye nophuhliso lweziseko zophuhliso ukuya kwingqwalasela yomgaqo-nkqubo, abachaphazelekayo kufuneka bazivumelanise notshintsho oluqhubekayo. Ukuqonda ezi mpembelelo kubalulekile ekukhuthazeni ikamva lamandla elizinzileyo nelizinzileyo.