Yintoni iII-nustrial kwayeCi-ommerEI-nergySukurhanezela kwayeCOmmonBisidimaMii-odels

I. Ukugcinwa kwamandla

"Ukugcinwa kwamandla anemizi-mveliso nezamandla" kubhekisele kwiinkqubo zokugcina zamandla ezisetyenziselwa amaziko anemizi-mveliso okanye kwezorhwebo.

Ukusuka kwimbono yabasebenzisi abaphelileyo, ukugcinwa kwamandla kunokubekwa ngokwamandla ukuya kwicala lamandla, icala legridi, kunye nokugcinwa komsebenzisi. Icala lamandla kunye ne-Gridi-Office AMANQAKU AMANQAKU AYIKWAYANYANYANTSI YAMAMANZI AMANQAKU AMANZI OKANYE AMANQAKU, AMAZWI OSETYENZISIWEYO AMANQAKU AMAZWE NGOKUGQIBELA. Ukugcinwa kwamandla-Ezandla zomsebenzisi kunokwahlulwa ngakumbi kugcino lwamandla kunye norhwebo kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla ekhaya. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kunye nezamandla ezorhwebo nezorhwebo ziwela phantsi kogcino lwamandla lomsebenzisi, ukhula kwizixhobo zemveliso okanye zorhwebo. Ukugcinwa kwamandla asemzini kunye nezorhwebo kufumanisa izicelo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya iipaki zemizi-mveliso, amaziko orhwebo, amaziko edatha, izakhiwo zolawulo, izakhiwo zolawulo, izibhedlele, kunye nezakhiwo zokuhlala.

Ukusuka kwimbono yobugcisa, uyilo lweenkqubo zokugcina izinto zezamashishini kwaye ezorhwebo zinokuhlelwa kwiindidi ezimbini: iinkqubo ezibini zeDC kunye neenkqubo ze-AC. Iinkqubo zokuhambisa i-DC zihlala zisebenzisa iinkqubo zokugcina ezihlanganisiweyo zefoto, ezibandakanya izinto ezahlukeneyo ezinjengeefotovoltaic Systems (ikakhulu zibandakanya iimodyuli ze-Potovoltaic), abalawuli bemifanekiso (ikakhulu bebandakanya ibhetri), ibhetri Iinkqubo zolawulo ("ii-BMS"), ukufezekisa ukudityaniswa kwamandla ePotovoltaic kunye nokugcinwa kwe-photovol), iinkqubo zolawulo lwamandla ("iinkqubo ze-EMS"), njl.

Umgaqo osisiseko wokusebenza ubandakanya ukutshaja ngokuthe ngqo kweepakethi zebhetri kunye ne-DC Amandla e-DC eveliswe ziimodyuli zefotovolstaic ngokusebenzisa iifotovoltaic. Ukongeza, amandla e-AC kwigridi inokuguqulwa ibe ngamandla e-DC nge-PCS ukubiza ipakethi yebhetri. Xa kukho imfuno yombane ukusuka kumthwalo, ibhetri ikhupha i-Old, indawo yokuqokelelwa kwamandla eyokuphela kwebhetri. Kwelinye icala, iinkqubo ze-AC ze-AC zenza izinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya neendlela zokuveliswa kwamandla eFotovoltaic (ikakhulu zibandakanya iimodyuli zefotovoltaic kunye neenkqubo ze-phothi-procring), ii-rid-qhossions), ii-PCS zokuGqibela Inkqubo, njl.

Umgaqo osisiseko wokusebenza ubandakanya ukuguqula amandla e-DC oveliswe ziimodyuli zefotovoltaic kumandla e-AC nge-ACTers-uqhagamshelo lwegridi, enokubonelelwa ngokuthe ngqo kwigridi okanye imibane yombane. Ngenye indlela, inokuguqulwa ibe ngamandla e-DC nge-PC kwaye ihlawuliswe kwipakethi yebhetri. Kweli nqanaba, indawo yokuqokelelwa kwamandla ikwisiphelo sokuphela. Iinkqubo zokudibana ze-DC zaziwa ngokuba ziindleko zazo kunye nokuguquguquka kweendleko, ezifanelekileyo kwiimeko apho abasebenzisi batya khona umbane omncinci emini kwaye ngaphezulu ebusuku. Kwelinye icala, iinkqubo zokudibanisa ii-AC zibonakaliswa ziindleko eziphezulu kunye nokuguquguquka, zilungele izicelo apho i-Photovoltaic Systensol Systensol Systensols ikwindawo okanye apho abasebenzisi basebenzisa umbane ngakumbi emini kwaye bancinci ebusuku.

Ngokubanzi, indawo yoyilo lweenkqubo zokugcina izinto zezamashishini kunye nezorhwebo zinokusebenza ngokuzimeleyo kwigridi yamandla ephambili kwaye zenze i-microgrid ye-microgrid ye-potovoltaic isizukulwane sombane kunye nokugcinwa kwebhetri.

II. I-Peak Valley Arbitrage

I-Peak Valley Apredage yimodeli esetyenziswayo yengeniso yeRhafu yeMizi-mveliso kunye neRhafu, ebandakanya ukutshaja kwigridi ngamaxabiso ombane aphantsi kunye nokukhupha amaxabiso ombane aphezulu.

Ukuthatha i-china njengomzekelo, amacandelo awo orhwebo kunye norhwebo aqhele ukwenza imigaqo-nkqubo yokusebenzisa umbane kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yamaxabiso ombane. Umzekelo, kwingingqi yeShanghai, iKhomishini yoPhuculo lweShanghai ikhuphe isaziso sokuphucula ixesha lokusebenzisa ixesha lokusebenzisa ixesha lokusetyenziswa kweSixeko kwiSixeko (iShanghai yoPhuculo lweSixeko (2022] Hayi. 50). Ngokwesaziso:

Ngeenjongo zemveliso jikelele nezokurhweba, kunye nezinye zenxalenye yesibini kunye nokusetyenziswa kombane kwicandelo le-5: 00 ukuya kwi-21: 00 ngobusika (ngoJanuwari nangoDisemba) ukuya ku-14: 00 ehlotyeni (ngoJulayi nange-Agasti).

Ngexesha le-Peak ehlotyeni (nge-Julayi, ngoSeptemba) nasebusika (ngoJanuwari, nge-DEDE), amaxabiso ombane aya kunyuka ngama-80% esekwe kwixabiso leflethi. Kwelinye icala, ngexesha eliphantsi, amaxabiso ombane aya kuncipha nge-60% esekwe kwixabiso leflethi. Ukongeza, ngexesha le-peak, amaxabiso ombane aya konyuka nge-25% esekwe kwixabiso lencopho.

Kwezinye iinyanga ngexesha le-peak, amaxabiso ombane aya kunyuka nge-60% esekwe kwixabiso leflethi, ngelixa ngexesha eliphantsi, amaxabiso aya kuncipha nge-50% esekwe kwixabiso leflethi.

Kwimizi-mveliso yeMveliso Jikelele, yoRhwebo, kunye nezinye iindlela zombane zenkqubo yenkqubo, kuphela i-piak kunye neeyure zentlambo zipapashwa ngaphandle kweCandelo leeyure eziphakamileyo. Ngexesha le-Peak ehlotyeni (nge-Julayi, ngoSeptemba) nasebusika (ngoJanuwari, nge-3 kaJanuwari), amaxabiso ombane aya kunyuka ngexabiso le-45 esekwe kwixabiso leflethi. Kwezinye iinyanga ngexesha leeyure eziphakamileyo, amaxabiso ombane aya kunyuka nge-17% esekwe kwixabiso leflethi, ngelixa ngexesha eliphantsi, amaxabiso aya kuncipha ngamaxabiso angama-45 asekwe kwixabiso leflethi.

Iinkqubo zokugcina izinto zezamazamashishini kunye nezamandla ezizorhwebo zisenza esi sakhiwo samaxabiso ngokuthenga ngombane onamaxabiso asezantsi ngexesha le-off-peak kwaye siyinike umthwalo ngexesha le-Peak okanye ixesha eliphezulu lombane eliphezulu. Olu qheliselo lunceda ukunciphisa iindleko zombane zombane.

Iii. I-Shift yexesha lamandla

"I-Shift yexesha lamandla" ibandakanya ukuhlengahlengisa ixesha lokusebenzisa kombane ngokugcinwa kwamandla ukuthoba imali egudileyo kwaye igcwalise amaxesha aphantsi. Xa kusetyenziswa izixhobo zokuvelisa amandla ezinjengeePhotovoltaic ezinjengeePhotsol, i-Mismatch phakathi kwe-curveves kunye ne-curve yokusebenzisa imithwalo inokukhokelela kwiigridi ngamaxabiso asezantsi okanye athenge umbane kwigridi yamaxabiso aphezulu.

Ukujongana nale nto, abasebenzisi banokuhlawula ibhetri ngexesha lokusebenzisa kombane kunye nokukhupha umbane ogcinwe ngexesha lokusebenzisa i-Peak. Esi sicwangciso sijolise ekukhuliseni izibonelelo zoqoqosho kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekharbon yenkampani. Ukongeza, ukugcina amandla omoya kunye namandla elanga ukusuka kwimithombo ehlaziyiweyo yokusetyenziswa kamva ngexesha lexesha lemfuno ye-Peak ikwagqalwa njengexesha lokutshintsha kwamandla.

I-Shift yexesha lamandla ayinamfuneko iimfuno ezingqongqo malunga nokutshaja kunye nokukhutshelwa kweshedyuli, kwaye imilinganiselo yamandla kwezi nkqubo iguqukayo, esenza isisombululo esiguquguqukele kwisicelo esiphezulu.

Iv.Iimodeli zeshishini eziqhelekileyo zoGcino lweMizi-mveliso noRhwebo

1.IsifundoInyani

Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, eyona nto iphambili yokugcina izinto zokugcina izinto zokugcina izinto ezisebenzisa amandla kunye neenkonzo, kunye nokufumana izibonelelo zokugcina amandla nge-vak ye-peak kunye nezinye iindlela. Kwaye malunga nalo mxokelelwane, abathathi-nxaxheba abaziintloko babandakanya umboneleli wezixhobo, umboneleli ngeenkonzo zamandla, ukuqeshiswa kwezemali ngokuqeshileyo, kunye nomsebenzisi:

2.EqhelekileyoBisidimaMii-odels

Okwangoku, kukho iimodeli eziqhelekileyo zeshishini zezamazamashishini kunye nokurhweba ngokurhwebayo, oko kukuthi "umsebenzisi wokuzimela" ukuqeshisa " Imodeli. Sishwankathele le nto ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

(1)Use Iumvelo

Phantsi komsebenzisi wemodeli yotyalo-mali, umthengi othengayo kwaye ufake iinkqubo zokugcina amandla ngokwazo ukonwabela izibonelelo zokugcina amandla, ikakhulu nge-vak ye-vaak vallege. Kule ndlela, nangona umsebenzisi unokunciphisa ngokuthe ngqo ukucheba kunye nokuzaliswa kwentlambo, kwaye kunciphisa iindleko zombane, kusenokufuneka bathwale iindleko zokuqala zexabiso kunye nokusebenza kwemihla ngemihla kunye neendleko zolondolozo. Umzobo wemodeli yeShishini imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

(2) icocekileLukuvula

Kwindlela ecocekileyo yokuqasha, umsebenzisi akufuneki ukuba uthenge iindawo zokugcina amandla ngokwazo. Kuya kufuneka bakhuphe amaziko okugcina amandla kuphela kumboneleli wezixhobo kwaye ahlawule imali ehambelana nayo. Umboneleli wezixhobo ubonelela ngeenkonzo zokwakha, ukusebenza kunye nezolondolozo kumsebenzisi, kunye nengeniso yengeniso yamandla eveliswe kule iyonwabele ngumsebenzisi. Umzobo wemodeli yeShishini imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

(3) Ulawulo lwamandla kwiKontrakthi

Phantsi kweModeli yoLawulo lweMihlaba yeQinisekisa, umboneleli wenkonzo wamandla okwenza indawo yokugcina amandla kwaye ubanike abasebenzisi ngohlobo lweenkonzo zamandla. Umnikezeli wenkonzo wamandla kunye nomsebenzisi babelana ngeenzuzo zokugcina amandla ngendlela ekuvunyelwene ngayo (kubandakanya ukwabelana ngenzuzo yexabiso, njl. Njl. Amaxesha, kwaye emva koko babonelela ngamandla kumthwalo womsebenzisi ngexesha lexabiso le-Peak. Umsebenzisi kunye noMboneleli weNkonzo yeMandla emva koko wabelane ngezibonelelo zogcino lwamandla kwinxalenye ekuvunyelwene ngayo. Xa kuthelekiswa nomsebenzisi wemodeli yotyalo-mali, le modeli yazisa ababoneleli beenkonzo abanikezela ngeenkonzo zokugcina amandla ahambelanayo. Ababoneleli beenkonzo zamandla badlala indima yabatyali-mali kwimodeli yolawulo lwamandla kwimvumelwano, enokuthi kwinqanaba elithile linciphisa uxinzelelo lotyalo-mali kubasebenzisi. Umzobo wemodeli yeShishini imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

(4) Ulawulo lwamandla ekhontrakthi + ukuqeshisa ngemali

"Imodeli yamandla eNjongo + yokuqeshisa ngezezimali" ibhekisa ekungenisweni kweqela lokuqalisa kwezemali njengendawo yokugcina amandla kunye / okanye iinkonzo zamandla phantsi kwemodeli yolawulo lwamandla. Xa kuthelekiswa nemodeli yolawulo lwamandla kwikhontrakthi, ukungeniswa kwemali yokuqeshisa ngezemali ukuthenga amaziko okugcina amandla kunciphisa kakhulu uxinzelelo lwenkonzo kubaboneleli beenkonzo, ngaloo ndlela bekwazi ukugxila ngcono kwiinkonzo zolawulo lwamandla kwintsusa.

I- "Montration AMANZI YOLAWULO LWEZAKHONO + ukuqeshisa ngezezimali" Imodeli inzima kwaye inemodeli emininzi engaphantsi. Umzekelo, imodeli engaphantsi yesiqhelo kukuba umnikezeli weenkonzo zamandla afumana indawo yokugcina amandla kumboneleli yezixhobo kuqala, kwaye emva koko ukuqeshiswa kwemali okhethiweyo kwaye uthenge indawo yokugcina imali ngokwesivumelwano sabo kunye nomsebenzisi, kwaye uqeshise iindawo zokugcina amandla kwi umsebenzisi.

Ngexesha lokuqeshisa, ubunini bezithuba zokugcina amandla zezixhobo zokuqeshisa ngemali, kwaye umsebenzisi unelungelo lokuzisebenzisa. Emva kokuphelelwa kwekota yokuqeshisa, umsebenzisi unokufumana ubunini beendawo zokugcina amandla. UMboneleli weNkonzo oSebenzayo ubonelela ngokwakhiwa kwamandla yokwakhiwa kweZiko, lokuSebenza kunye nokuLondolozwa kwabasebenzisi, kwaye unokufumana ukuqwalaselwa ngokuhambelana nemali yokuqeshisa ngemali yokuqeshisa ngemali kunye nokusebenza. Umzobo wemodeli yeShishini imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Ngokungafaniyo nemodeli yembewu yangaphambili, kwenye imodeli yembewu, ukuqeshiswa kwemali kwimali kumboneleli ngenkonzo ye-EneMandla, endaweni yomsebenzisi. Ngokukodwa, inkxaso-mali yokuqeshisa ngemali khetha kwaye uthenge iindawo zokugcina amandla kuMboneleli wezixhobo ngokwesivumelwano sayo kunye nomnikezeli wenkonzo wamandla, kwaye uqeshisa iindawo zokugcina amandla kumnikezeli weenkonzo zamandla.

Umnikezeli wenkonzo wamandla unokusebenzisa iindawo zokugcina amandla ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zamandla kubasebenzisi, wabelane ngezibonelelo zogcino lwamandla kunye nabasebenzisi kwinxalenye ekuvunyelwene ngayo, kwaye emva koko babuyisele imali yenxalenye yezibonelelo. Emva kwekota yokuqeshisa iphela, umnikezeli weenkonzo zamandla afumana ubunini bendawo yokugcina amandla. Umzobo wemodeli yeShishini imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

V. Izivumelwano eziqhelekileyo zeshishini

Kwimodeli exoxwe ngayo, iiprotocols zeshishini eziphambili kunye nezinto ezinxulumene noko zichaziwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1.Isivumelwano seNkqubo-sikhokelo yokuSebenza:

Amaziko anokungena kwiSivumelwano sokuSebenza sokuSebenza sokuseka iNkqubo-sikhokelo yokusebenzisana. Umzekelo, kwimodeli yolawulo lwamandla eNgqungquthela, umnikezeli weenkonzo zamandla anokutyikitya isivumelwano nomboneleli wezixhobo, uxanduva oluchazayo njengolwakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo yokugcina amandla.

2.ISIVUMELWANO SOLWAZI LOKUFUNDA KWEENKONZO ZOKUGCINWA KWEENKONZO:

Esi sivumelwano sisebenza kwimodeli yolawulo lwamandla kwimvumelwano kunye nolawulo lwamandla "kwiKontrakthi Kubandakanya ukubonelelwa ngeenkonzo zolawulo lwamandla ngumboneleli-nkonzo wamandla kumsebenzisi, kunye nezibonelelo ezihambelana nomsebenzisi. Uxanduva lubandakanya iintlawulo ezivela kumsebenzisi kunye nentsebenziswano yophuhliso lweprojekthi, ngelixa umboneleli wenkonzo wamandla aphatha uyilo, ukwakhiwa, nokusebenza.

3.Isivumelwano sokuthengisa izixhobo:

Ngaphandle kwemodeli ecocekileyo eqaqambileyo, izivumelwano zentengiso yezixhobo zibalulekile kuzo zonke iimodeli zokugcina amandla ezorhwebo. Umzekelo, kwimodeli yotyalo-mali, izivumelwano zenziwa kunye nezixhobo ababoneleli ngokuthenga kunye nokufakelwa kwamaziko okugcina amandla. Ukuqinisekiswa komgangatho, ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho, kunye nenkonzo yasemva kwentengiso kubaluleke kakhulu.

4.ISivumelwano seNkonzo yezoBugcisa:

Esi sivumelwano sisayinwe sinomboneleli ngezixhobo ukuhambisa iinkonzo zobugcisa ezinje ngoyilo lwenkqubo, ufakelo, ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa. Iimfuno zenkonzo kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemigangatho zizinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kwizivumelwano zenkonzo zobugcisa.

5.Isivumelwano sengqeshiso yokuqeshisa:

Kwimeko apho ababoneleli ngezixhobo bagcina ubunini beendawo zokugcina amandla, izixhobo zokuqaqamba izixhobo zisayinwe phakathi kwabasebenzisi kunye nababoneleli. Ezi zivumelwano zichaza uxanduva lomsebenzisi lokugcina kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesiqhelo kwamaziko.

6.ISivumelwano seNgxelo yeMali:

Kwi "Imodeli yamandla eNgxowa-qhinga + yokuqeshisa" Esi siVumelwano silawula ukuthenga kunye nokubonelela ngeendawo zokugcina amandla, amalungelo obunini ngexesha nangemva kokuqeshisa, kunye nokuqwalaselwa ngokukhetha indawo yokugcina abasebenzi okanye ababoneleli beenkonzo.

VI. Amanyathelo okhuseleko kubaboneleli beenkonzo

Ababoneleli beenkonzo zamandla badlala indima ebalulekileyo kwikhonkco lokufezekisa ukugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokurhweba kunye nokufumana izibonelelo zokugcina amandla. Ababoneleli beenkonzo abasebenza ngenkonzo, kukho uthotho lwemicimbi efuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo phantsi koGcino lweMizi-mveliso, njengokulungiselela kweprojekthi, ukulungiselela imali yeprojekthi, ukuthengwa kweprojekthi, indawo yokufumana kunye nokufakwa kunye nokufakwa kunye nokufakwa kwempahla. Lidwelise ngokufutshane le micimbi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: