I-EU iguqukela ku-US LNG njengokuthengwa kwegesi yaseRussia kuncipha

Eminyakeni yamuva, i-European Union ibilokhu isebenza ukuguqula imithombo yayo yamandla futhi yehlise ukuncika kwayo kugesi yaseRussia. Lolu shintsho lwe-STASH luqhubekile yizici eziningi, kufaka phakathi ukukhathazeka ngezingxabano ze-geopolitical kanye nesifiso sokunciphisa ukuphuma kwekhabhoni. Njengengxenye yalo mzamo, i-EU iya ngokuya iphendukela e-United States nge-Liquefied gesi yemvelo (LNG).

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-LNG bekulokhu kukhula ngokushesha eminyakeni yamuva nje, njengoba intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe kwenze kube lula futhi kubiza kakhulu ukuthutha igesi amabanga amade. I-LNG igesi yemvelo ipholile esifundazweni se-liquid, esinciphisa umthamo wayo ngesici sama-600. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuthutha nokugcina, njengoba kungathunyelwa emathangini amancane futhi kugcinwe emathangini amancane.

Enye yezinzuzo eziphambili ze-LNG ukuthi ingatholwa ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene. Ngokungafani negesi yepayipi yendabuko, ekhawulelwe yi-geography, i-LNG ingakhiqizwa noma kuphi futhi ihanjiswe kunoma iyiphi indawo ngechweba. Lokhu kwenza kube yindlela ekhangayo yamazwe afuna ukuguqula izinto zawo zamandla.

E-European Union, i-Shift ibheke e-US LNG inemiphumela ebalulekile. Ngokomlando, iRussia ibilokhu ingumhlinzeki omkhulu ka-EU wegesi yemvelo, i-accounting cishe ama-40% akho konke ukungenisa. Kodwa-ke, ukukhathazeka ngethonya lezombusazwe laseRussia nakwezomnotho kuholele amazwe amaningi e-EU ukufuna eminye imithombo yegesi.

I-United States ivele njengomdlali osemqoka kule makethe, ngenxa yezimpahla zayo eziningi zegesi kanye ne-LNG Exportum yayo yokuthumela. Ngo-2020, i-US yayingumhlinzeki wesithathu ngobukhulu we-LNG ku-EU, ngemuva kwe-Qatar neRussia kuphela. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kulindeleke ukuthi kuguquke eminyakeni ezayo njengoba i-US Exports iyaqhubeka nokukhula.

Omunye wabashayeli abaphambili balokhu kukhula ukuqedwa kwezindawo ezintsha zokuthumela e-ITN Ext Emuva, izindawo ezintsha ezintsha zifikile online, kufaka phakathi i-terminal yokudlulisa i-sabine eLouisiana nase-COVE Point terminal eMaryland. Lezi zindawo zikhuphule kakhulu amandla okuthumela ngaphandle sase-US, okwenza kube lula ezinkampanini zaseMelika zithengise i-LNG ezimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle. 

Enye into eshayela i-Shift ibheke e-US LNG ukuncintisana okukhulayo kwamanani entengo kagesi aseMelika. Ngenxa yentuthuko kubuchwepheshe bokumba, ukukhiqizwa kwegesi yemvelo e-US sekuvele eminyakeni yamuva, ukushayela amanani entengo nokwenza igesi yaseMelika ekhangelwe kakhulu kubathengi baphesheya kwezilwandle. Ngenxa yalokhu, amazwe amaningi e-EU manje aphendukela kithi ukuthi siyindlela yokunciphisa ukuncika kwaso kugesi yaseRussia ngenkathi futhi sithola ukunikezwa okuthembekile kwamandla ashibhile.

Sekukonke, ukuguqukela ku-US LNG kumelela ushintsho olukhulu emakethe yamandla emhlabeni jikelele. Njengoba amazwe amaningi aphendukela ku-LNG njengendlela yokuguqula imithombo yawo yamandla, isidingo salo mafutha kungenzeka siqhubeke sikhula. Lokhu kunemiphumela ebalulekile kubo bobabili abakhiqizi kanye nabathengi begesi yemvelo, kanye nomnotho womhlaba wonke obanzi.

Ekuphetheni, ngenkathi ukuthembela kwe-European Union kugesi yaseRussia kungahle kunciphe, isidingo saso samandla athembekile futhi angabizi ahlala eqinile njengakuqala. Ngokuphendukela kithi lng, i-EU ithatha igxathu elibalulekile elibheke ekuhlukaniseni izinto zalo zamandla futhi liqinisekise ukuthi linokufinyelela emthonjeni othembekile kaphethiloli iminyaka ezayo.