Ukwanda Kwelanga: Ukulindela Ukushintsha Kwe-Hydroelectricity e-USA ngo-2024 kanye Nomthelela Wakho Emvelweni Wamandla

Esibonelweni esishaqisayo, umbiko we-US Energy Information Administration's Short-Term Energy Outlook ubikezela isikhathi esibalulekile emkhakheni wezamandla wezwe.—Ukukhiqizwa kukagesi welanga e-US kulindeleke ukuthi kudlule ukukhiqizwa kukagesi ngamanzi ngonyaka ka-2024. Lokhu kushintsha kokuzamazama komhlaba kulandela umkhuba owabekwa amandla omoya ase-US, owadlula ukukhiqizwa kukagesi ngamanzi emuva ngo-2019. Ake sihlolisise imiphumela yalolu shintsho, sihlole ukuguquguquka, amaphethini okukhula, kanye nezinselele ezingaba khona ezisazokwenzeka.

Ukwanda Kwelanga: Ukubuka Konke Kwezibalo

Kusukela ngoSepthemba 2022, amandla elanga ase-US enze intuthuko emlandweni, ekhiqiza cishe ama-kilowatt-hour angu-19 billion kagesi. Lokhu kudlule umkhiqizo ovela ezitshalweni zikagesi zamanzi zase-US, okuphawula okokuqala ukuthi amandla elanga adlula amandla kagesi angaphansi komhlaba enyangeni ethile. Imininingwane evela embikweni ikhombisa indlela yokukhula ebeka amandla elanga njengamandla amakhulu kuphothifoliyo yamandla yesizwe.

Amanani Okukhula: Ilanga vs. I-Hydro

Amazinga okukhula kwamandla afakiwe alandisa indaba ethakazelisayo. Kusukela ngo-2009 kuya ku-2022, amandla elanga kulindeleke ukuthi akhule ngesilinganiso samaphesenti angu-44 ngonyaka, kuyilapho amandla kagesi angaphansi kwamanzi ehlehla kakhulu ngokukhula okungaphansi kwephesenti elilodwa ngonyaka. Ngo-2024, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga kwaminyaka yonke kulindeleke ukuthi kudlule lokho kwamanzi, okuqinisa ukukhuphuka kwamandla elanga kube phambili ekukhiqizweni kwamandla e-US.

Isithombe Esifushane Somthamo Wamanje: Ilanga kanye Nogesi Wamanzi

Amazinga okukhula kwamandla afakiwe phakathi kwamandla elanga kanye namandla kagesi agelezayo aqokomisa indlela emangalisayo yamandla elanga e-US Kusukela ngo-2009 kuya ku-2022, amandla elanga kulindeleke ukuthi abe nesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esimangalisayo esingamaphesenti angu-44. Lokhu kukhula okusheshayo kubonisa ukwanda kokwamukelwa kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kwingqalasizinda yamandla elanga ezweni lonke. Ngokuphambene nalokho, amandla kagesi agelezayo abe nokukhula okuhamba kancane, kanye nokukhula konyaka okungaphansi kwephesenti elilodwa phakathi nesikhathi esifanayo. Lawa mazinga okukhula ahlukile agcizelela ukushintshashintsha kwamandla endaweni yamandla, lapho amandla elanga elungele ukudlula amandla kagesi agelezayo njengomthombo oyinhloko wokukhiqizwa kwamandla ngo-2024. Lesi sinyathelo siqinisa ukukhuphuka kwamandla elanga phambili ekukhiqizweni kwamandla e-US, okubonisa ushintsho olushintshayo oluya emithonjeni yamandla ehlanzekile futhi eqhubekayo.

Izinto Okufanele Uzicabangele Ezemvelo: Umkhawulo Oqhubekayo Welanga

Ukwanda kwamandla elanga e-US akugcini nje ngokuphawula ushintsho olukhulu ohlelweni lokukhiqizwa kwamandla kodwa futhi kugcizelela izinzuzo zalo ezinkulu zemvelo. Ukwamukelwa okwandayo kokufakwa kwamandla elanga kunegalelo ekunciphiseni ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni, kukhuthaze indlela eqhubekayo neyobungani nemvelo yokuhlangabezana nezidingo zamandla zesizwe. Umthelela wemvelo walolu shintsho awunakweqiswa, ikakhulukazi njengoba imboni ithuthuka futhi ihambisana nemigomo ebanzi yesimo sezulu. Ngokunciphisa ukuthembela kumafutha emvelo, amandla elanga anamandla okunciphisa imiphumela emibi yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, njengokwenyuka kwamazinga olwandle, izehlakalo zesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu, kanye nokulahlekelwa kwezinto eziphilayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwamukelwa okwandisiwe kwamandla elanga kulindeleke ukuthi kudalwe imisebenzi emisha futhi kukhuthaze ukukhula komnotho, kuqinise isikhundla sayo njengomshayeli obalulekile wentuthuko eqhubekayo. Njengoba i-US iqhubeka nokwamukela amandla elanga, ikulungele ukuhola indlela ekuguqukeleni ekusaseni lamandla elihlanzekile nelihlala njalo.

Izinselele Zesimo Sezulu Zokusetshenziswa Kwamanzi

Lo mbiko uqokomisa ubuthakathaka bokukhiqizwa kukagesi wamanzi e-US ezimweni zezulu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifana nePacific Northwest lapho kusebenza khona njengomthombo obalulekile kagesi. Amandla okulawula ukukhiqizwa ngamadamu avinjelwa yizimo zamanzi zesikhathi eside kanye nobunzima obuhambisana namalungelo amanzi. Lokhu kugcizelela uhlobo olunezinhlangothi eziningi lokukhiqizwa kwamandla kanye nokubaluleka kokwahlukahluka kwemithombo yethu yamandla lapho sibhekene namaphethini ezulu angalindelekile. Ngenkathi amandla kagesi wamanzi edlale indima ebalulekile ekuhlangabezaneni nezidingo zamandla, ukulinganiselwa kwawo lapho sibhekene nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kudinga ukuhlanganiswa kweminye imithombo evuselelekayo njengelanga nomoya. Ngokwamukela iphothifoliyo yamandla ahlukahlukene, singathuthukisa ukuqina, sinciphise ukuthembela emithonjeni eyodwa, futhi siqinisekise ukutholakala kwamandla okuthembekile nokuqhubekayo esikhathini esizayo.

Imiphumela Yemboni Yamandla

Ushintsho oluzayo oluvela kugesi wamanzi luye kumandla elanga lunemiphumela ebalulekile embonini yamandla. Kusukela kumaphethini okutshalwa kwezimali kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda kuya ekucatshangelweni kwenqubomgomo, ababambiqhaza kudingeka bazivumelanise nokuguquguquka kwezinto. Ukuqonda le miphumela kubalulekile ekukhuthazeni ikusasa lamandla eliqinile neliqhubekayo.