YiniINdumbo futhiC-ehwebiEubuvilaneSukuzungu futhiComsonBusibaMowenzayo

I. Isitoreji samandla esimboni nezentengiselwano

"Isitoreji samandla nezimboni nezentengiselwano" sisho izinhlelo zokugcina amandla ezisetshenziswa ezindaweni zezimboni noma zezentengiso.

Ngokombono wabasebenzisi bokugcina, ukugcinwa kwamandla kungahlukaniswa ku-Power-Side, iGridi-Side, kanye nesitoreji samandla eseceleni komsebenzisi. Isitoreji samandla kanye negridi-side sokugcinwa kwamandla saziwa nangokugcinwa kwamandla okugcina amamitha noma ukugcinwa kobuningi, ngenkathi ukugcinwa kwamandla esihlanje kubizwa ngokuthi ukugcinwa kwamandla we-post-metha. Isitoreji samandla eseceleni komsebenzisi singaphinde sihlukaniswe esitoreji sezimboni nezentengiso sokugcina amandla kanye nokugcinwa kwamandla ezindlini. Empeleni, ukugcinwa kwamandla kwezimboni nakwezentengiselwano kwezentengiselwano kutholakala ngaphansi kokugcinwa kwamandla komsebenzisi, ukunakekela izikhungo zezimboni noma zentengiso. Isitoreji samandla esimboni nezentengiso sithola izinhlelo zokusebenza kuzilungiselelo ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi amapaki ezimboni, izikhungo zezentengiso, izikhungo zedatha, iziteshi zezokuxhumana, izibhedlela, izibhedlela, izikole kanye nezakhiwo zokuhlala.

Ngokombono wezobuchwepheshe, ukwakhiwa kwezinhlelo zezimboni zezimboni nezentengiselwano amandla kungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: izinhlelo ezihlanganisiwe ze-DC nezinhlelo ezihlanganisiwe ze-AC. Izinhlelo zokuhlanganisa i-DC zivame ukusebenzisa izinhlelo ezihlanganisiwe ze-Photovoltaic zesitoreji, ezihlanganisa ama-Photovoltaic amandla okugcina amamojula kanye nama-module ama-Photovoltaic amandla (ikakhulukazi ahlanganisa amaphakethe webhethri, ama-pc aguqulayo ("ama-PC"), ibhethri Amasistimu Wokuphatha ("BMS"), ukuzuza ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Photovoltaic Power Generation nesitoreji), Izinhlelo Zokuphathwa Kwamandla ("I-EMS Systems"), njll.

Umgomo wokusebenza oyisisekelo ubandakanya ukushaja okuqondile kwamaphakethe webhethri ngamandla we-DC akhiqizwe amamojula we-Photovoltaic ngokusebenzisa abalawuli be-Photovoltaic. Ngokwengeziwe, amandla e-AC avela kugridi angaguqulwa abe amandla we-DC ngama-PC ukushaja iphakethe lebhethri. Lapho kunesidingo sikagesi emthwalweni, ibhethri likhipha okwamanje, ngephuzu lokuqoqwa kwamandla okuphela kokuphela kwebhethri. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amasistimu wokuhlangana we-AC ahlanganisa ama-Photovoltaic amandla okuphehla ama-module (ikakhulukazi aqukethe amamojula we-Photovoltaic kanye nama-Inverters axhunyiwe amagridi), ama-PC e-Pegrorday Power Generation, ama-PC, ama-BMS, njll.), EMS uhlelo, njll.

Isimiso sokusebenza esiyisisekelo sibandakanya ukuguqula amandla we-DC akhiqizwe amamojula we-Photovoltaic kumandla we-AC ngama-Inverters axhunywe ngegridi, angahlinzekwa ngqo kwigridi noma imithwalo kagesi. Ngenye indlela, kungaguqulwa kube amandla we-DC ngama-PCs futhi akhokhiswe kwiphakethe lebhethri. Kulesi sigaba, iphuzu lokuqoqwa kwamandla lisekupheleni kwe-AC. Ama-DC Coupling Systems ayaziwa ngokusebenza kwezindleko nokuguquguquka kwawo, alungele izimo lapho abasebenzisi bedla khona ugesi omncane phakathi nosuku nokuningi ebusuku. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amasistimu wokuhlanganisa ama-AC abonakala ngezindleko eziphakeme nokuvumelana nezimo, elungele izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ama-Photovoltaic amandla okuphehla ama-Power Generation asendaweni noma lapho abasebenzisi bedla kabanzi kabanzi phakathi nosuku.

Ngokuvamile, ukwakhiwa kwezinhlelo zokugcina amandla ezimbonini nasezentengiselwano zingasebenza ngokuzimela kusuka kugridi yamandla amakhulu futhi kwakha i-microgid yokuphehla kwamandla we-Photovoltaic kanye nesitoreji sebhethri.

II. Peak isigodi ingqithi

I-Peak Valley Lenglingrage iyimodeli yemali engenayo evame ukusetshenziswa kwama-Revenue Revenue Revenue for izimboni nezentengiselwano amandla, okubandakanya ukushaja kusuka kugridi ngamanani aphansi kagesi futhi akhiphe amanani entengo kagesi ephezulu.

Ukuthatha iChina njengesibonelo, imikhakha yayo yezimboni nezentengiselwano imvamisa isebenzisa izinqubomgomo zamanani kagesi ezisebenzisa isikhathi kanye nezinqubomgomo zamanani kagesi aphezulu. Isibonelo, esifundeni saseShanghai, iKhomishini Yokuthuthukiswa KwamaShanghai kanye ne-Reform ikhiphe isaziso sokuphinda sithuthukise indlela kagesi yokusebenzisa i-Elemenzing Pricing Mechanis edolobheni (Shanghai Development and Reform Commission [2022] No. 50). Ngokusho kwesaziso:

Ngezinhloso ezijwayelekile zezimboni nezentengiselwano, kanye nezinye izingxenye ezimbili kanye nokusetshenziswa kogesi ezimboni ezimbili kanye nezimboni kusuka ngo-19: 00 kuye ku-21: 00 ebusika (ngoJanuwari nangoDisemba) naku-14: 00 Ehlobo (ngoJulayi nango-Agasti).

Ngezikhathi eziphakeme ehlobo (ngoJulayi, Agasti, Septhemba) nobusika (Januwari, Disemba), amanani entengo kagesi azovuka ngamanani angu-80% asuselwa kumanani aphansi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngezikhathi eziphansi, amanani entengo kagesi ancipha ngo-60% ngokususelwa kwintengo eyisicaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi sezikhathi eziphakeme, amanani entengo kagesi azokwanda ngo-25% ngokususelwa kwintengo ephakeme.

Kwezinye izinyanga ngesikhathi sezikhathi eziphakeme, amanani kagesi azokwanda ngo-60% ngokuya ngentengo ephansi, kuyilapho ngezikhathi eziphansi, amanani azokwehla ngo-50% ngokususelwa ngentengo eyisicaba.

Okwejwayelekile kwezimboni, ezentengiso, kanye nokunye ukusetshenziswa kukagesi okukodwa, amahora aphezulu kanye nesigodi ahlukaniswa ngaphandle kokuhlukaniswa kwamahora aphezulu. Ngezikhathi eziphakeme ehlobo (ngoJulayi, Agasti, Septhemba) nobusika (Januwari, Disemba), amanani aphansi azokwehla ngamanani aphansi, amanani azokwehla ngo-45% ngokususelwa ku-Flat Price. Kwezinye izinyanga ngesikhathi samahora aphezulu, amanani entengo kagesi azokwanda ngo-17% ngokususelwa kwintengo eyisicaba, kuyilapho ngezikhathi eziphansi, amanani azokwehla ngo-45% ngokususelwa ku-flat intengo.

Izinhlelo ze-Industrial and Commente Energy Storems Susa leli hlobo lamanani ngokuthenga ugesi onamanani aphansi ngesikhathi sokuphumula esiphakeme futhi usinikeze umthwalo ngesikhathi esiphezulu noma ngentengo kagesi ephezulu. Lo mkhuba usiza ukunciphisa izindleko zikagesi zebhizinisi.

I-III. Ukushintshwa Kwamandla Isikhathi

"Isikhathi sokushintsha kwamandla Lapho usebenzisa ama-Power Generation Equipment njengamaseli we-Photovoltaic, ukungahambi kahle phakathi kwejika lesizukulwane kanye nejika lokusetshenziswa komthwalo kungaholela ezimweni lapho abasebenzisi bethengisa khona ngogesi ngokweqile kugridi ngamanani aphansi.

Ukubhekana nalokhu, abasebenzisi bangakhokhisa ibhethri ngezikhathi zokusetshenziswa kukagesi okuphansi kanye nokuphuma kukagesi okugciniwe ngesikhathi sokudla okuphezulu. Leli qhinga lihlose ukukhulisa izinzuzo zezomnotho futhi linciphise ukuphuma kwekhabhoni. Ngokwengeziwe, ukonga umoya osele kanye namandla elanga emithonjeni evuselelekayo ukuze kusetshenziswe kamuva ngesikhathi sezidingo eziphakemeyo nakho kubhekwa njengemikhuba yesikhathi samandla.

Isikhathi sokushintshwa kwamandla asinazo izidingo eziqinile maqondana nokushaja kanye nokukhipha amashejuli, futhi amapharamitha wamandla walezi zinqubo avumelana nezimo, okwenza kube yisixazululo esiguquguqukayo ngokuvama okuphezulu kwesicelo.

IV.Amamodeli webhizinisi ajwayelekile wesitoreji samandla ezimboni nezentengiso

1.BekaII-Nvolved

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, umnyombo wokugcinwa kwamandla wezimboni nezentengiselwano ulele ekusebenziseni izinsiza nezinsizakalo zamandla, kanye nokuthola izinzuzo zokugcina amandla nge-Peak Valley Tormbirrage nezinye izindlela. Futhi ngaleli ntekente, ababambiqhaza abaphambili bafaka umhlinzeki we-Export, umhlinzeki wesevisi yamandla, iphathi yokuqasha imali, kanye nomsebenzisi:

2.-JwayelekileBusibaMowenzayo

Njengamanje, kunamamodeli amabhizinisi ajwayelekile ajwayelekile e-Industrial and Commente Energy Storage, okuyimodeli ethi "Umsebenzisi Ukutshalwa Kwezimali", imodeli "yokuphathwa kwamandla" yenkontileka + " imodeli. Sifingqe lokhu ngale ndlela elandelayo:

(1)Use Iisizukulwane

Ngaphansi komsebenzisi we-Self Investment Model, umsebenzisi athenga futhi afake amasistimu okugcina amandla ngokwawo ukujabulela izinzuzo zokugcina amandla, ikakhulukazi ngokuqamba ama-Peak Valley. Kule modi, yize umsebenzisi anganciphisa ngokuqondile ukushefa okuphezulu kanye nokugcwaliswa kwesigodi, futhi anciphise izindleko zikagesi, asadinga ukuthwala izindleko zokutshala imali zokutshala imali kanye nokusebenza kwansuku zonke kanye nezindleko zokulungisa. Umdwebo we-Business Model umi kanjena:

(2) umsulwaLlulane

Kumodi yokuqashisa emsulwa, umsebenzisi akadingi ukuthenga izindawo zokugcina amandla ngokwazo. Badinga kuphela ukuqasha izindawo zokugcina amandla kuMhlinzeki Wemishini futhi bakhokhe imali ehambelana nayo. Umhlinzeki Wemishini uhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokwakha, ukusebenza kanye nokulungisa umsebenzisi, kanye nemali engenayo yokugcina amandla ekhishwe kulokhu ijatshulelwa ngumsebenzisi. Umdwebo we-Business Model umi kanjena:

(3) Ukuphathwa Kwamandla Energy

Ngaphansi kwemodeli yokuphathwa kwenkontileka yenkontileka, umhlinzeki wesevisi yamandla ufaka imali yokuthenga izikhungo zokugcina amandla futhi uzinikele kubasebenzisi ngendlela yezinsizakalo zamandla. Umhlinzeki wesevisi yamandla futhi umsebenzisi wabelana ngezinzuzo zokugcinwa kwamandla ngendlela okuvunyelwene ngayo (kufaka phakathi nokwabelana ngenzuzo, izaphulelo zentengo kagesi, njll.), Okungukuthi, ukusebenzisa i-Energy Storact Power Power Station System ukugcina amandla kagesi ngesikhathi saseValley noma intengo kagesi ejwayelekile Izikhathi, bese zinikeza amandla umthwalo womsebenzisi ngesikhathi sezikhathi zentengo kagesi. Umsebenzisi kanye nomhlinzeki wesevisi yamandla bese ehlanganyela izinzuzo zokugcina amandla kwingxenye okuvunyelwene ngayo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nemodeli yokutshala imali yokutshala imali, le modeli yabethula abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo zamandla abahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokugcina amandla ezihambelana. Abahlinzeki benkonzo yamandla badlala indima yabatshalizimali kwisivumelwano sokuphathwa kwamandla wenkontileka, okuzonciphisa ingcindezi yokutshala imali kubasebenzisi. Umdwebo we-Business Model umi kanjena:

(4) Ukuphathwa Kwamandla Energy + Ukuqashwa Kwezimali

I- "Contract Energy Managegement + Imodeli yezezimali" isho ukwethulwa kweqembu lokuqashisa lezezimali njengomqashi wezindawo zokugcina amandla kanye / noma izinsizakalo zamandla ngaphansi kwemodeli yokuphathwa kwamandla ekhokhwayo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nemodeli yokuphathwa kwamandla wenkontileka, ukwethulwa kwamaqembu wokuqashwa kwezimali ukuthenga izikhungo zokugcina amandla kunciphisa kakhulu ingcindezi yezezimali kubahlinzeki bezinsizakalo zamandla, ngaleyo ndlela kubenze bakwazi ukugxila kangcono kwizinsizakalo zokulawulwa kwamandla ezinkontileka.

I- "Contract Energy Managegement + imodeli yokuqashisa yezezimali" iyinkimbinkimbi futhi inamamodeli amaningi amancane. Isibonelo, imodeli ye-Sub evamile ukuthi umhlinzeki wesevisi yamandla ethola izikhungo zokugcina amandla kusuka kumhlinzeki wemishini kuqala, bese kuba neqembu lokuqashisa lezezimali likhetha futhi lithenge izikhungo zokugcina amandla ngokuya ngesivumelwano sazo nomsebenzisi, futhi liqaphe izindawo zokugcina amandla ukuze umsebenzisi.

Ngesikhathi sokuqashisa, ubunikazi bezindawo zokugcina amandla bungelokuphatha iphathi yokuqashisa, futhi umsebenzisi unelungelo lokuzisebenzisa. Ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokuqashisa, umsebenzisi angathola ubunikazi bezindawo zokugcina amandla. Umhlinzeki wesevisi yamandla ikakhulukazi enikeza ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokugcina amandla, ukusebenza kanye nezinsizakalo zokulungisa abasebenzisi, futhi angathola ukucatshangelwa okuhambisanayo kusuka ephathini yokuqashisa yokuxhasa ngezimali yokuthengisa nokusebenza kwemishini nokusebenza. Umdwebo we-Business Model umi kanjena:

Ngokungafani nemodeli yembewu eyedlule, kwenye imodeli yenhlamvu, iqembu eliqashisayo lezezimali lifaka ngqo ku-Energy Service Provider, kunokuba umsebenzisi. Ngokukhethekile, iqembu eliqashisayo lemali likhetha futhi lithenge izikhungo zokugcina amandla kusuka kumhlinzeki wemishini ngokusho kwesivumelwano salo nomhlinzeki wesevisi yamandla, futhi uqaqa izikhungo zokugcina amandla kumhlinzeki wesevisi yamandla.

Umhlinzeki wesevisi yamandla angasebenzisa izindawo ezinjalo zokugcina amandla ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zamandla kubasebenzisi, wabelane ngezinzuzo zokugcina amandla nabasebenzisi kwingxenye okuvunyelwene ngayo, bese ekhokha iphathi yokuqashisa ngengxenye yezinzuzo. Ngemuva kwethemu lokuqashisa liphelelwa yisikhathi, umhlinzeki wesevisi yamandla uthola ubunikazi besikhungo sokugcina amandla. Umdwebo we-Business Model umi kanjena:

V. Izivumelwano zebhizinisi ezijwayelekile

Emodeli exoxwa ngayo, amaphrothokholi webhizinisi eliyinhloko nezinto ezihlobene achaziwe ngale ndlela elandelayo:

1.Isivumelwano Sokubambisana Kwesivumelwano:

Amabhizinisi angangena kwisivumelwano soHlelo Lokubambisana ukuze asungule uhlaka lokubambisana. Isibonelo, kumodeli yenkontileka yokuphathwa kwamandla, umhlinzeki wesevisi yamandla angasayina isivumelwano esinjalo nomhlinzeki wemishini, abe ngukuphendula imithwalo yemfanelo efana nokwakhiwa nokusebenza kohlelo lokugcina amandla.

2.Isivumelwano sokuphathwa kwamandla kwezinhlelo zokugcina amandla:

Lesi Sivumelwano sivame ukusebenza kwisivumelwano se-Contract Eardness Management Model kanye "Nezinkontileka Zokuphathwa Kwamandla + Izimali Zokuqashwa Kwezimali". Kubandakanya ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo zokulawulwa kwamandla ngumhlinzeki wesevisi yamandla kumsebenzisi, ngezinzuzo ezihambisanayo eziqhamuka kumsebenzisi. Imithwalo yemfanelo ifaka ukubambisana ekubambisaneni komsebenzisi nokuthuthukiswa kwamaphrojekthi, kanti umhlinzeki wesevisi yamandla ephatha ukwakheka, ukwakhiwa nokusebenza.

3.Isivumelwano Sokuthengisa Esetshenzisiwe:

Ngaphandle kwemodeli yokuqashisa emsulwa, izivumelwano zokuthengisa izinsiza eziphathelene nawo wonke amamodeli wokugcina amandla okuthengisa. Isibonelo, kumodeli yokuzithengisa yabasebenzisi, izivumelwano zenziwa ngabaphakeli bezinto zokuthenga nokufakwa kwezindawo zokugcina amandla. Ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi, ukuhambisana namazinga, kanye nensizakalo yokuthengisa ngemuva kokucatshangelwa okubalulekile.

4.Isivumelwano Senkonzo Yezobuchwepheshe:

Lesi sivumelwano ngokuvamile sisayiniswa nomhlinzeki wemishini ukuletha izinsizakalo zezobuchwepheshe ezifana nokwakhiwa kwesistimu, ukufakwa, ukusebenza, kanye nokulungiswa. Sula izidingo zensizakalo nokuhambisana namazinga kuyizinto ezibalulekile ezibhekiswe ezivumelwaneni zenkonzo yezobuchwepheshe.

5.Isivumelwano Sokuqashwa Kwemishini:

Ezimweni lapho abahlinzeki bemishini begcina khona ubunikazi bezindawo zokugcina amandla, izivumelwano zokuqashisa amathuluzi ziyasayinwa phakathi kwabasebenzisi nabahlinzeki. Lezi zivumelwano zibeka izibopho zomsebenzisi zokugcina nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwezikhungo.

6.Isivumelwano sokuqashisa ngezimali:

Ku- "Contract Energy Management + imodeli yokuqashisa yezezimali", isivumelwano sokuqashisa ngokwezimali sivame ukusungulwa phakathi kwabasebenzisi noma abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo zamandla kanye namaqembu okuqashisa ngokwezimali. Lesi sivumelwano silawula ukuthengwa nokuhlinzekwa kwezindawo zokugcina amandla, amalungelo obunikazi ngesikhathi sokuqashisa, kanye nokucatshangelwa kokukhetha amandla afanelekile abasebenzisi basekhaya noma abahlinzeki bensizakalo yamandla.

VI. Izindlela ezikhethekile zokuqapha zabahlinzeki bezinsizakalo zamandla

Abahlinzeki benkonzo yamandla badlala indima enkulu kwiqoqo lokuthola isitoreji samandla ezimboni nakwezentengiso kanye nokuthola izinzuzo zokugcina amandla. Kwabanikezeli bezinsizakalo zamandla, kukhona uchungechunge lwezinkinga ezidinga ukunakwa okukhethekile ngaphansi kwesitoreji sezimboni nezentengiso, njengokulungiselela iphrojekthi, ukulungiswa kwephrojekthi, ukuthungwa kwezikhungo, ukufakwa kwezikhungo, ukuthungwa kwezikhungo, ukufakwa kwezikhungo zendawo, ukuthungwa kwezikhungo zendawo, ukufakwa kwezikhungo zendawo, ukufakwa kwezikhungo zendawo, ukufakwa kwezikhungo zendawo, ukuthungwa kwezikhungo zendawo, ukufakwa kwezikhungo zendawo, ukufakwa kwezikhungo zendawo, ukufakwa kwezikhungo zendawo, ukufakwa kwezikhungo zendawo, ukuthungwa kwezikhungo zendawo, ukuthungwa kwezikhungo, ukufakwa kwezikhungo zendawo, ukuthungwa kwezikhungo zendawo, ukuthungwa kwezikhungo, ukufakwa kwezikhungo zendawo, ukuthungwa kwezikhungo zendawo, ukuthungwa kwezikhungo, ukufakwa kwezikhungo zendawo, ukuthungwa kwezikhungo zendawo, ukufakwa kwezikhungo zendawo, ukufakwa kwezikhungo zendawo, ukufakwa kwezikhungo zendawo, ukufakwa kwezikhungo. Sibhala kafushane lezi zingqinamba ngokulandelayo: